Physical Restriction of Pods Causes Seed Size Reduction of a Brassinosteroid-deficient Faba Bean (Vicia faba)

Fukuta, Naoko; Fukuzono, K.; Kawaide, Hiroshi; Abé, Hiroshi; Nakayama, Masayoshi

doi:10.1093/aob/mcj014

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1b). This result agrees with the finding that a BR deficiency in faba bean 'Rinrei' significantly reduced pod and seed size (Fukuta et al 2006). BR regulates many growth and developmental processes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), BRs are involved in gynophore elongation and pod enlargement initiation (Xia et al 2013). A BR-deficient mutant of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) 'Rinrei' had a dwarf phenotype and smaller seeds in smaller pods than the wild type (Fukuta et al 2004(Fukuta et al , 2006. In the present study, we have focused on the role of BR in soybean pod growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of brassinosteroid on pod growth through cell hypertrophy in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

et al. 2016

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Pod size of soybean is an important factor in the determination of seed weight. However, little is known about pod growth of soybean. Brassinosteroid, a group of phytohormones, regulate the pod growth of faba bean. We therefore investigated the role of brassinosteroid in pod growth of soybean. We measured pod length and cell number and cell area in pods treated with a brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor. The inhibitor suppressed pod growth through the reduction of cell area. We then examined pod morphology and the expression of brassinosteroid biosynthesis (GmCYP450 85A1, 2 and 3) and response (GmBZR1, GmBES1 and GmBRU1) genes in the pods of two cultivars that differ in pod size. The difference in pod size was attributable to cell area, and the expression of brassinosteroid biosynthesis and response genes in pods was higher in the cultivar that has large pods. These results suggest that pod size of soybean is regulated through cell hypertrophy caused by brassinosteroid.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of brassinosteroid on pod growth through cell hypertrophy in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

et al. 2016

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“…Kamal et al (1995) reported that the yield increase induced by epibrassinolide treatment at flowering stages of soybean was primarily due to an increase in seed and pod number through an increase in fertile node number and number of pods per fertile node. Seed size was mainly regulated through a reduction of pod length due to brassinosteroid deficiency in brassinosteroiddeficient Faba Bean (Vicia faba) (Fukuta et al 2006). BR treatment resulted in increased leaf water potential, nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis (Sairam 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brassinolide alleviated the adverse effect of water deficits on photosynthesis and the antioxidant of soybean (Glycine max L.)

et al. 2008

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Brassinolide (BR) is a relatively new plant growth regulator. To test whether BR could be used to increase tolerance to water deficits in soybean, the effects of BR application on photosynthesis, assimilate distribution, antioxidant enzymes and seed yield were studied. BR at 0.1 mg l -1 was foliar applied at the beginning of bloom. Two levels of soil moisture (80% field capacity for well-watered control and 35% for drought-stressed treatment) were applied at pod initiation. BR treatment increased biomass accumulation and seed yield for both treatments. Drought stress inhibited translocation of assimilated 14 C from the labeled leaf, but BR increased the translocation for both treatments. Drought stress depressed chlorophyll content and assimilation rate (A), while chlorophyll content and A of BR-treated plants were greater than that of drought-stressed plants. BR treatment increased maximum quantum yield of PS II, the activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and the leaf water potential of drought-stressed plants. Treatment with BR also increased the concentration of soluble sugars and proline, and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase of soybean leaves when drought-stressed. However, it decreased the malondialdehyde concentration and electrical conductivity of leaves under drought stress. This study show that BR can be used as a plant growth regulator to enhance drought tolerance and minimize the yield loss of soybean caused by water deficits.

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“…1; Nomura et al, 2004). A BR-deficient Vicia faba bean also produces small seeds (Fukuta et al, 2005). These facts indicate that sterols or BRs may be required for normal seed development.…”

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confidence: 97%

Roles of Brassinosteroids and Related mRNAs in Pea Seed Growth and Germination

et al. 2007

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The levels of endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) and the expression of the biosynthesis/metabolism/perception genes involved have been investigated during the development and germination of pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. When seeds were rapidly growing, the level of biologically active BRs (brassinolide [BL] and castasterone [CS]) and the transcript levels of two BR C-6 oxidases (CYP85A1 and CYP85A6) reached a maximum, suggesting the significance of BL and CS in seed development. In the early stages of germination, CS, but not BL, appeared and its level increased in the growing tissues in which the transcript level of CYP85A1 and CYP85A6 was high, suggesting the significance of CS in seed germination and early seedling growth of pea. 6-Deoxocathasterone (6-deoxoCT) was the quantitatively major BR in mature seeds. At the early stage of germination, the level of 6-deoxoCT was specifically decreased, whereas the levels of downstream intermediates were increased. It seems that 6-deoxoCT is the major storage BR and is utilized during germination and early growth stages. The level of the mRNAs of BR biosynthesis and perception genes fluctuated during seed development. In mature seeds, most of mRNAs were present, but the level was generally lower compared with immature seeds. However, CYP90A9 mRNA rapidly increased during seed development and reached the maximum in mature seeds. The mRNAs stored in mature pea seeds seem to be utilized when seeds germinate. However, it was found that de novo transcription of mRNAs also starts as early as during seed imbibition.

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Physical Restriction of Pods Causes Seed Size Reduction of a Brassinosteroid-deficient Faba Bean (Vicia faba)

Abstract: Seed size of 'Rinrei' is mainly regulated through a reduction of pod length due to brassinosteroid deficiency; physical restriction within pods causes a reduction in seed size. These results suggest a possible mechanism for increasing faba bean yields to optimal levels.

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Regulation of brassinosteroid on pod growth through cell hypertrophy in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Regulation of brassinosteroid on pod growth through cell hypertrophy in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Brassinolide alleviated the adverse effect of water deficits on photosynthesis and the antioxidant of soybean (Glycine max L.)

Roles of Brassinosteroids and Related mRNAs in Pea Seed Growth and Germination

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