Physical rock properties of the Eyreville core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure

Mayr, S.; Burkhardt, Hans; Popov, Y.; Romushkevich, Raissa; Miklashevskiy, D.; Gorobtsov, D. N.; Heidinger, Philipp; Wilhelm, H.

doi:10.1130/2009.2458(07)

Cited by 3 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…(, , , ) and Mayr et al. (, ). For this purpose, the rocks were dried at 105 °C for 48 h. Vacuum was used to ensure full saturation of the samples.…”

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(, , ) and Mayr et al. (, ), this technique was applied on half cores taken from the four boreholes. The azimuthal anisotropy was established only for several rock samples from the Vorotilovo well drilled in the Puchezh–Katunki impact structure and the coefficient of the azimuthal anisotropy was found to be small (not larger than 1.04).…”

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mayr et al. (, ) measured the velocities in the radial direction across half cores, i.e., parallel to the horizontal layering of the rocks under low uniaxial stress of approximately 1 MPa, which is much less than the in situ pressure. Porosity and density using the Archimedes water saturation method is determined by Popov et al.…”

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical properties of rock samples related to geothermal and hydrologic research were measured by Mayr et al. (), Elbra et al (), and Pierce and Murray (). The porosity given by Elbra et al.…”

Section: The Investigated Structures and Available Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, ), and the Chesapeake impact structure (the Eyreville borehole, USA; Mayr et al. ; Heidinger et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of petrophysical properties of impactites for four meteoritic impact structures

Popov

Mayr

Romushkevich

et al. 2014

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-We reanalyzed and compared unique data sets, which we obtained in the frame of combined petrophysical and geothermal investigations within scientific drilling projects on four impact structures: the Puchezh-Katunki impact structure (Vorotilovo borehole, Russia), the Ries impact structure (Noerdlingen-73 borehole, Germany), the Chicxulub impact structure (ICDP Yaxcopoil-1 borehole, Mexico), and the Chesapeake impact structure (ICDP-USGS-Eyreville borehole, USA). For a joined interpretation, we used the following previously published data: thermal properties, using the optical scanning technique, and porosities, both measured on densely sampled halfcores of the boreholes. For the two ICDP boreholes, we also used our previously published P-wave velocities measured on a subset of cores. We show that thermal conductivity, thermal anisotropy, porosity, and velocity can be correlated with shock metamorphism (target rocks of the Puchezh-Katunki and Ries impact structures), and confirm the absence of shock metamorphism in the samples taken from megablocks (Chicxulub and Chesapeake impact structure). The physical properties of the lithic impact breccias and suevites are influenced mainly by their impact-related porosity. Physical properties of lower porosity lithic impact breccias and suevites are also influenced by their chemical composition. These data allow for a distinction between different types of breccias due to differences concerning the texture and chemistry and the different amounts of melt and rock clasts.

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“…(, , , ) and Mayr et al. (, ). For this purpose, the rocks were dried at 105 °C for 48 h. Vacuum was used to ensure full saturation of the samples.…”

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Investigated Structures and Available Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, ), and the Chesapeake impact structure (the Eyreville borehole, USA; Mayr et al. ; Heidinger et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparison of petrophysical properties of impactites for four meteoritic impact structures

Popov

Mayr

Romushkevich

et al. 2014

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Extraordinary rocks from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater: P-wave velocity, density, and porosity measurements from IODP/ICDP Expedition 364

Christeson

Gulick

Morgan

et al. 2018

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Highlights  Chicxulub peak-ring rocks have low velocities and densities, and high porosities.  Physical property values indicate considerable damage of granitoid peak-ring rocks.  Suevite flowed downslope during and after peak-ring formation Abstract. Joint International Ocean Discovery Program and International Continental Scientific Drilling Program Expedition 364 drilled into the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater. We present P-wave velocity, density, and porosity measurements from Hole M0077A that reveal unusual physical properties of the peak-ring rocks. Across the boundary between post-impact sedimentary rock and suevite (impact melt-bearing breccia) we measure a sharp decrease in velocity and density, and an increase in porosity. Velocity, density, and porosity values for the suevite are 2900-3700 m/s, 2.06-2.37 g/cm 3 , and 20-35%, respectively. The thin (25 m) impact melt rock unit below the suevite has velocity measurements of 3650-4350 m/s, density measurements of 2.26-2.37 g/cm 3 , and porosity measurements of 19-22%. We associate the low velocity, low density, and high porosity of suevite and impact melt rock with rapid emplacement, hydrothermal alteration products, and observations of pore space, vugs, and vesicles. The uplifted granitic peak ring materials have values of 4000-4200 m/s, 2.39-2.44 g/cm 3 , and 8-13% for velocity, density, and porosity, respectively; these values differ significantly from typical unaltered granite which has higher velocity and density, and lower porosity. The majority of Hole M0077A peak-ring velocity, density, and porosity measurements indicate considerable rock damage, and are consistent with numerical model predictions for peak-ring formation where the lithologies present within the peak ring represent some of the most shocked and damaged rocks in an impact basin. We integrate our results with previous seismic datasets to map the suevite near the borehole. We map suevite below the Paleogene sedimentary rock in the annular trough, on the peak ring, and in the central basin, implying that, post impact, suevite covered the entire floor of the impact basin. Suevite thickness is 100-165 m on the top of the peak ring but 200 m in-the central basin, suggesting that suevite flowed downslope from the collapsing central uplift during and after peak-ring formation, accumulating preferentially within the central basin.

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Estimating the thermal conductivity of plutonic rocks from major oxide composition using machine learning

Jiang

Fuchs

et al. 2023

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary The accurate estimation of temperature distribution in the earth's crust and modeling of heat-related processes in geodynamics requires knowledge of the thermal conductivity of plutonic rocks. This study compiled an extensive dataset of 530 representative plutonic rock samples, including thermal conductivity, major oxide composition and (for two subsets of data) modal mineralogy. For the first time, three machine learning algorithms (ML; i.e. support vector regression, random forest and extreme gradient boosting) were employed to estimate the thermal conductivity of plutonic rocks using the major oxide composition feature as input variables. The performance of these ML-based models was evaluated against a geochemically-compositional model and eight mineral-driven physically-based empirical mixing models. Results show that the means of predicted thermal conductivity by the ML-based models and the geochemically-compositional model are not significantly different from the measured thermal conductivity at a significance level of 5 per cent. However, the ML-based models outperformed the best-performing non-ML model, the geochemically-compositional model. The highest prediction accuracy was achieved by extreme gradient boosting, which reduced the mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error by more than 50 per cent. Furthermore, SiO2 is confirmed as the most important independent variable, followed by Al2O3, TiO2, CaO, and K2O. The turning point observed in the thermal conductivity trend with SiO2 wt- per cent may be primarily attributed to variations in mineral composition within the subgroup of igneous rock types classified based on SiO2 wt- per cent. The present study explores, for the first time, the use of ML algorithms to estimate the thermal conductivity of plutonic rocks from their major oxide composition.

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Physical rock properties of the Eyreville core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of petrophysical properties of impactites for four meteoritic impact structures

Comparison of petrophysical properties of impactites for four meteoritic impact structures

Extraordinary rocks from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater: P-wave velocity, density, and porosity measurements from IODP/ICDP Expedition 364

Estimating the thermal conductivity of plutonic rocks from major oxide composition using machine learning

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