Physical Simulation for Evaluating Heat-Affected Zone Toughness of High and Ultra-High Strength Steels

Laitinen, Risto; Porter, David; Karjalainen, L.P.; Leiviskä, Pasi; Kömi, Jukka

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.762.711

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For the simulation of ICCGHAZ, due to practical reasons, a forced cooling (10 • C/s) was applied after 200 • C, which was followed by a 5 s holding time before the second thermal cycle started. Determination of the peak temperature for ICHAZ was based on the literature [7,9,20] and preliminary experiments. Three simulations were performed with 760, 780, 815 and 850 °C peak temperatures at t8/5 = 5 s. Then Charpy V-notch impact tests were performed.…”

Section: Physical Simulation Of Critical Haz Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Welding Heat Input on Simulated HAZ Areas in S960QL High Strength Steel

Gáspár

2019

Metals

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When the weldability of high strength steels is analyzed, it is the softening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) that is mostly investigated, and the reduction of toughness properties is generally less considered. The outstanding toughness properties of quenched and tempered high strength steels cannot be adequately preserved during the welding due to the unfavorable microstructural changes in the HAZ. Relevant technological variants (t8/5 = 2.5–100 s) for arc welding technologies were applied during the HAZ simulation of S960QL steel (EN 10025-6) in a Gleeble 3500 physical simulator, and the effect of cooling time on the critical HAZ areas of single and multipass welded joints was analyzed. Thermal cycles were determined according to the Rykalin 3D model. The properties of the selected coarse-grained (CGHAZ), intercritical (ICHAZ) and intercritically reheated coarse-grained (ICCGHAZ) zones were investigated by scanning electron microscope, macro and micro hardness tests and instrumented Charpy V-notch pendulum impact tests. The examined HAZ subzones indicated higher sensitivity to the welding heat input compared to conventional structural steels. Due to the observed brittle behavior of all subzones in the whole t8/5 range, the possible lowest welding heat input should be applied in order to minimize the volume of HAZ that does not put fulfillment of the allowed maximal (450 HV10) hardness at risk and does not lead to the formation of cold cracks.

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Section: Physical Simulation Of Critical Haz Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Welding Heat Input on Simulated HAZ Areas in S960QL High Strength Steel

Gáspár

2019

Metals

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“…By adjusting the parameters, it is also possible to simulate relatively easily different heat inputs. In recent years physical simulation of HAZ has been used successfully in various studies [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, aim of the present study is to compare the mechanical properties, especially impact toughness, of different physically simulated HAZ to each others and to the base material that was not exposed to the heat input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties in the Physically Simulated Heat-Affected Zones of 500 MPa Offshore Steel for Arctic Conditions

Tervo

Mourujärvi

Kaijalainen

et al. 2018

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Offshore steels for the arctic conditions have an increasing demand due to the opening of new oil fields in the Arctic Ocean. However, the requirements for these steels are extremely demanding, as they need to maintain the desired properties in harsh arctic conditions. Additionally, these requirements need to be achieved also in heat-affected zones caused by the welding. In this study the heat-affected zones were created using the physical simulation, so that the zones would be wide enough for reliable mechanical testing. Continuous cast 500 MPa offshore steel was hot rolled in the laboratory hot rolling mill to find out the mechanical properties of the base metal. The physically simulated heat-affected zones were studied using Gleeble 3800. Two different cooling times from 800 °C to 500 °C (t8/5) were used in order to simulate two different welding methods with different heat inputs. Microstructure of both base materials and simulated heat-affected zones were studied using scanning electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope. Charpy V-notch impact toughness and hardness profiles were determined of both base material and simulated heat-affected zones. The base metal microstructure was ferritic with some lath-like bainitic features. Minor changes were noted in the microstructure of physically simulated inter-critical heat-affected zone (ICHAZ), while in physically simulated coarse grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) the prior austenite grains had coarsened and the transformation microstructure consisted of lath-like features of bainite and in case of a shorter t8/5 of 6 s, even martensite. It was found out that the critical location regarding the impact toughness in arctic temperatures was found out to be CGHAZ, while the impact toughness of ICHAZ did not differ remarkably from that of the base material. The CGHAZ impact toughness was weaker with t8/5 = 30 s than with t8/5 = 6 s indicating that lower heat input welding methods are more beneficial for this material.

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“…By adjusting the thermal cycle parameters, it is possible to simulate various types of welding methods with varying heat inputs and cooling rates. HAZ physical simulation has been used successfully in this way for many years [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature toughness properties of 500 MPa offshore steels and their simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zones

Tervo

Kaijalainen

Pallaspuro

et al. 2020

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Physical Simulation for Evaluating Heat-Affected Zone Toughness of High and Ultra-High Strength Steels

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of Welding Heat Input on Simulated HAZ Areas in S960QL High Strength Steel

Effect of Welding Heat Input on Simulated HAZ Areas in S960QL High Strength Steel

Mechanical Properties in the Physically Simulated Heat-Affected Zones of 500 MPa Offshore Steel for Arctic Conditions

Low-temperature toughness properties of 500 MPa offshore steels and their simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zones

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