Physicians reading and writing practices: a cross-sectional study from Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Khaliq, Muhammad Farhan; Noorani, Muhammad Muslim; Siddiqui, Uzair Ahmed; Anwar, Maheen

doi:10.1186/1472-6947-12-76

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Latin American intensivists preferred online resources as the source of scientific information, similar to U.S. physicians [ 33 ]. Among our respondents, the rate of reading scientific studies was lower than reported in other studies [ 34 ]. Because ICU academic status was not a determinant for scientific reading, knowledge acquisition seems to rely on personal interests.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Castro

Nin²,

Ríos

et al. 2018

Crit Care

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BackgroundIntensive care medicine is a relatively young discipline that has rapidly grown into a full-fledged medical subspecialty. Intensivists are responsible for managing an ever-increasing number of patients with complex, life-threatening diseases. Several factors may influence their performance, including age, training, experience, workload, and socioeconomic context. The aim of this study was to examine individual- and work-related aspects of the Latin American intensivist workforce, mainly with academic appointments, which might influence the quality of care provided. In consequence, we conducted a cross-sectional study of intensivists at public and private academic and nonacademic Latin American intensive care units (ICUs) through a web-based electronic survey submitted by email. Questions about personal aspects, work-related topics, and general clinical workflow were incorporated.ResultsOur study comprised 735 survey respondents (53% return rate) with the following country-specific breakdown: Brazil (29%); Argentina (19%); Chile (17%); Uruguay (12%); Ecuador (9%); Mexico (7%); Colombia (5%); and Bolivia, Peru, Guatemala, and Paraguay combined (2%). Latin American intensivists were predominantly male (68%) young adults (median age, 40 [IQR, 35–48] years) with a median clinical ICU experience of 10 (IQR, 5–20) years. The median weekly workload was 60 (IQR, 47–70) h. ICU formal training was between 2 and 4 years. Only 63% of academic ICUs performed multidisciplinary rounds. Most intensivists (85%) reported adequate conditions to manage patients with septic shock in their units. Unsatisfactory conditions were attributed to insufficient technology (11%), laboratory support (5%), imaging resources (5%), and drug shortages (5%). Seventy percent of intensivists participated in research, and 54% read scientific studies regularly, whereas 32% read no more than one scientific study per month. Research grants and pharmaceutical sponsorship are unusual funding sources in Latin America. Although Latin American intensivists are mostly unsatisfied with their income (81%), only a minority (27%) considered changing to another specialty before retirement.ConclusionsLatin American intensivists constitute a predominantly young adult workforce, mostly formally trained, have a high workload, and most are interested in research. They are under important limitations owing to resource constraints and overt dissatisfaction. Latin America may be representative of other world areas with similar challenges for intensivists. Specific initiatives aimed at addressing these situations need to be devised to improve the quality of critical care delivery in Latin America.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-018-1956-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Castro

Nin²,

Ríos

et al. 2018

Crit Care

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“…Adding spin to the abstract of an article may mislead physicians who are attempting to draw conclusions about a treatment for patients. Most physicians read only the article abstract the majority of the time, while up to 25% of editorial decisions are based on the abstract alone 23–25. Those who write clinical trial manuscripts know that they have a limited amount of time and space in which to capture the attention of the reader.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of spin in abstracts of papers in psychiatry and psychology journals

Jellison

Roberts

Bowers

et al. 2019

BMJ EBM

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We have identified ‘spin’ in abstracts of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with nonsignificant primary endpoints in psychiatry and psychology journals. This is a cross-sectional review of clinical trials with nonsignificant primary endpoints published in psychiatry and psychology journals from January 2012 to December 2017. The main outcome was the frequency and manifestation of spin in the abstracts. We define spin as the ‘use of specific reporting strategies, from whatever motive, to highlight that the experimental treatment is beneficial, despite a statistically nonsignificant difference for the primary outcome, or to distract the reader from statistically nonsignificant results’. We have also assessed the relationship between industry funding and spin. Of the 486 RCTs examined, 116 were included in our analysis of spin. Spin was identified in 56% (n=65) of those included. Spin was found in 2 (2%) titles, 24 (21%) abstract results sections and 57 (49.1%) abstract conclusion sections. Evidence of spin was simultaneously identified in both results and conclusions sections in 15% of RCTs (n=17). Twelve articles reported industry funding (10%). Industry funding was not associated with increased odds of spin in the abstract (unadjusted OR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.3 to 3.2). We found no relationship between industry funding and spin in abstracts. These findings raise concerns about the effects spin may have on clinicians. Further steps could be taken to address spin, including inviting reviewers to comment on the presence of spin and updating Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines to contain language discouraging spin.

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“…(MacLeod, et al, 2013: p. 132) New trends of the research in this field started to focus on physicians and nurses and the way they read, write, etc. (Khaliq, et al, 2012;Peinhardt & Hagler, 2012). Furthermore, scientists established a new trend whereby language aspects could be linked together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Audio-Visual Aids and Computer-Assisted Language Instruction (CALI) to Overcome Learning Difficulties of Grammatical Structure in Students of Special Needs

Yaari¹

2013

JSEL

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Background & Objectives:It has been well demonstrated that audio-visual aids and computer-aided language instruction (CALI) significantly reduce language mistakes in normal students. This finding has led to the development of assistive devices in which schools teaching students of special needs enhance speech language therapists (SLTs) to use these educative aids. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the role of audio-visual aids and CALI to overcome problems of language components, notably those related to grammatical structures in students of special needs.Methods: Forty subjects of students (males and females) of special needs (all between 8-18 years old) were enrolled in the study and were assigned randomly to an experimental group (n = 40) and the same number of normal students with similar ages was assigned as a control group (n = 40). Both groups studied a course of grammar by the same SLT under similar circumstances. The only exception was that while the first group studied the course using audio-visual aids and CALI, the second group did not (i.e., classical methods). Having the pre-and-posttests administered before and after the course, a qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted to analyze the results of the two tests. Results & conclusions:The effect of the audio-visual aids and CALI in the performance of the first group in writing skill was positive and greater than that of the second group (70.97% vs. 32.15%). Compared with females, males' scored were higher (1366 vs. 1473). The pre-and-posttests' assessment revealed that it was the audio-visual aids along with CALI that made the difference among the students which demonstrates the importance of using such educative aids in particular for educational purposes.

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Physicians reading and writing practices: a cross-sectional study from Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Evaluation of spin in abstracts of papers in psychiatry and psychology journals

Using Audio-Visual Aids and Computer-Assisted Language Instruction (CALI) to Overcome Learning Difficulties of Grammatical Structure in Students of Special Needs

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