Physico-chemical water quality in Ghana: Prospects for water supply technology implementation

Schäfer, A.I.; Rossiter, H.M.A.; Owusu, P.A.; Richards, Bryce S.; Awuah, Esi

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.055

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On the contrary, groundwater pH at location GW3 during the dry season is below the WHO limit suggesting possible acidity. Schafer et al (2009) and Ayantobo et al (2013) in previous studies reported that low pH in groundwater may be due to natural geochemical and biochemical processes within the aquifers. The GW3 sampling point is within the mining and processing facilities, it is thus possible that seepage of effluent discharges, as well as surface and agricultural run-off may contribute to the increased concentration of ions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcium and potassium are not a health concern and are not regulated (Schafer et al, 2009). Although, the reported values may not implicate the public health, however, the presence of multivalent cations such as Ca may pose negative treatment's implications for certain processes (Schafer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elevated EC content may also be due to the weathering of sulphide-bearing rocks, which is facilitated by the on-going mining activities (Marcovecchio et al, 2007;Ayantobo et al, 2013). Turbidity is a major concern for surface water in particular during the rainy seasons (Schafer et al, 2009). Elevated turbidity values are expected during the wet season due to erosion of organic materials and solids into the water bodies (http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/guide/stormwater /upload/2006_10_31_guide_stormwater_usw_b.pdf).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water turbidity can also be attributed to the presence of clays in surface water. Pathogens and bacteria can be measured in turbidity (Schafer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gold Mining in Igun Ijesha, Southwest Nigeria: Impacts and Implications for Water Quality

Ayantobo

Awomeso

Oluwasanya

et al. 2014

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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This study was carried out in Igun-Ijesha, Osun State, Nigeria to determine the likely hotspots of water contamination for future treatment trials. Water quality analyses were based on physico-chemical and heavy metal parameters of surface and ground water collected from the study community. A total of thirty-eight water samples were collected between September 2012 and February 2013 and analyzed using standard procedures. Concentrations of heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results showed that water samples within the gold mining community are contaminated and the hydrochemistry varied with seasons. The values of magnesium, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and pH during the period of sampling ranged 3.1-42.1 mg/L, 0-150 NTU, 30-560 mg/L, 80-1192 µS/cm and 5.95-8.55 respectively. Chloride, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate and sodium data were within the stipulated limits set by the Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Heavy metal contents of the groundwater were generally higher than those from surface water sampled within the mining district. The values of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, nickel and zinc, ranged from 0.01-1.20, 0.05-0.52, 0. 80-34.80, 0.09-4.30, 0.09-8.30, 0.05-3.94, 0.05-19.6 and 1.80-29.90 mg/L respectively. Most of the listed metals have values exceeding the international and national recommended limits. The daily intake of water in the study area poses a potential health threat from long-term exposure to heavy-metals. The study suggests that water safety plans should be developed to safeguard water resource and public health within the mining community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water turbidity can also be attributed to the presence of clays in surface water. Pathogens and bacteria can be measured in turbidity (Schafer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gold Mining in Igun Ijesha, Southwest Nigeria: Impacts and Implications for Water Quality

Ayantobo

Awomeso

Oluwasanya

et al. 2014

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…As a result, policies are often designed to tackle water supply and sanitation situations simultaneously. This is evident when the Government of Ghana implemented a policy in 1993 aimed to ensure the sustainability of water and sanitation facilities provided through a demand responsive approach (Schäfer et al, 2009). …”

Section: Sanitation In the Bolgatanga Municipalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities for Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into WaSH Development Planning in Ghana

Alhassan

Hadwen²

2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Climate change threatens water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) facilities and services, as these are intimately linked to the water cycle and are vulnerable to changes in the quantity and quality of available water resources. Floods and droughts, which pollute and reduce water delivery respectively, have now become a perennial issue to deal with in the northern regions of the country, including the Bolgatanga Municipality. This study aimed to assess the degree to which climate change adaptation measures are mainstreamed into the WaSH development planning process in Ghana. Stakeholders from government and non-government agencies were interviewed to gain perspectives on the threat of climate change, the inclusion of climate change in WaSH planning and the barriers preventing mainstreaming. In general, despite awareness and concern about climate change, adaptation measures have been regarded to be far away from the immediate concerns of WaSH development planning. Most of the current measures are reactive and respond to environmental issues rather than to climate change stressors. In essence, stakeholders expressed the view that the adaptive capacity of the Municipality was low and that mainstreaming has not yet occurred. Despite the lack of progress, there are great opportunities for mainstreaming climate change adaptation into planning through increasing awareness and capacity, legislative and institutional changes and the development of participatory systems to provide early warning systems and disaster risk analyses that will inform future planning.

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Impact of laterite characteristics on fluoride removal from water

Osei

Gawu

Schäfer

et al. 2015

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: The presence of high concentrations of fluoride in groundwater is a threat to the provision of potable water especially to rural communities. Various substances have been suggested for the removal of fluoride from water. This work investigates the characteristics of laterite, which makes it an adsorbent applicable to fluoride removal. RESULTS: Chemical and mineralogical analyses of the laterite using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques showed varying amounts of iron oxide/hydroxide (goethite/hematite), silica (quartz) and kaolinite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis revealed intimate association of all minerals. Isoelectronic point (IEP) value was largely influenced by the mineralogical composition with higher values for higher ironoxide/hydroxide content. CONCLUSION: While variation in the initial pH of fluoride solution had an effect on fluoride adsorption, the impact of IEP (and hence indirectly pH pzc ) was not significant in adsorption. Samples heat treated at 400 ∘ C performed better in fluoride adsorption. The mechanism for fluoride adsorption in this study was attributed to two processes: (i) ion exchange between hydroxide ion of the laterite surface and fluoride ion in solution; and (ii) fluoride uptake by specific surface reactions involving H 3 O + F − which leads to the release of hydroxonium (H 3 O + ) ions in solution.

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Physico-chemical water quality in Ghana: Prospects for water supply technology implementation

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Gold Mining in Igun Ijesha, Southwest Nigeria: Impacts and Implications for Water Quality

Gold Mining in Igun Ijesha, Southwest Nigeria: Impacts and Implications for Water Quality

Challenges and Opportunities for Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into WaSH Development Planning in Ghana

Impact of laterite characteristics on fluoride removal from water

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