Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Crofer 22 Apu Ferritic Steel Applied in Sofc Interconnects

Stygar, Mirosław; Kurtyka, P.; Brylewski, Tomasz; Tejchman, Waldemar; Staśko, Renata

doi:10.7494/mafe.2013.39.2.47

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Titanium is a minor reactive element in Crofer22APU, it is oxidized at high temperatures to form titanium oxides (TiO 2 ). These oxides as well as the inclusions of titanium as alloy additive increase the mechanical resistance of the steel [29][30][31]. The chromium deposition process is kinetically limited by nucleation reactions between the gaseous chromium species and nucleation agents (such as Mn-, Sr-, Ba-containing species) [32,33].…”

Section: Cell Degradation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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Interconnect-cathode interfacial adhesion is important for the durability of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Thus, the use of a conductive contact layer between interconnect and cathode could reduce the cell area specific resistance (ASR). The use of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 FeO 3 (LSF) cathode, LaNi 0.6 Fe 0.4 O 3-d (LNF) contact layer and Crofer22APU interconnect was proposed as an alternative cathode side. LNF-LSF powder mixtures were heated at 800°C for 1,000 h and at 1,050°C for 2 h and analyzed by X-Ray power diffraction (XRD). The results indicated a low reactivity between the materials. The degradation occurring between the components of the half-cell (LSF/ LNF/Crofer22APU) was studied. XRD results indicated the formation of secondary phases, mainly: SrCrO 4 , A(B, Cr)O 3 (A = La, Sr; B = Ni, Fe) and SrFe 12 O 19 . Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and the X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyzes confirmed the interaction between LSF/LNF and the metallic interconnect due to the Cr vaporization/migration. An increment of the resistance of~0.007 Ω cm 2 in 1,000 h is observed for (LSF/LNF/Crofer22APU) sample. However, the ASR values of the cell without contact coating, (LSF/Crofer22APU), were higher (0.31(1) Ω cm 2 ) than those of the system with LNF coated interconnect (0.054(7) Ω cm 2 ), which makes the proposed materials combination interesting for SOFC.

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Section: Cell Degradation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2016

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“…Alkaline-earth free perovskite and Ruddlesden-Popper type air electrodes have also been developed for increased Cr/Si tolerance, yet still form secondary phases during long-term testing (31,32,33,34). Modified Cr-forming alloys and coatings for BoP components have also been developed to generate less Cr vapors, however, long-term testing has shown insignificant reduction in generated Cr species or mechanical failures of coatings (35,36,37). Borosilicate glass sealants have also been modified with B-stabilizing dopants to form borates, but completely mitigating B volatility remains a challenge (38,39).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Contaminant Getter for Trace Airborne Contaminant Capture in Elevated Temperature Electrochemical Systems

Belko¹,

Dubey²,

Lee³

et al. 2023

ECS Trans.

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Electrode poisoning in high temperature electrochemical systems from trace levels of airborne contaminants remains a critical issue, contributing to long-term irreversible performance degradation. The intrinsic and extrinsic presence of gas phase Cr, Si, B, and SOx, species in air have been reported to form detrimental secondary compounds and microstructural changes at the electrode/electrolyte interface, consuming electrochemically active sites. Herein, a novel contaminant capture method is reported that uses low-cost getter materials based on alkaline-earth metals. The getters, in benchtop transpiration tests, demonstrated the desired ability to form thermodynamically stable reaction products and reducing the gaseous contaminant partial pressures by several orders of magnitude. Consumption of the contaminants in the getter preserves the performance of solid oxide cells. The presented results have demonstrated the feasibility of the use of getter materials under operating conditions typical to elevated-temperature electrochemical systems.

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“…Recently, decreasing the operating temperature of the SOFC from 1,000°C to 800°C allows the use of metallic parts as interconnects in place of ceramic pieces (Chen et al, 2015;Stevenson et al, 2013). Also, the metallic components can be replaced by inexpensive alloys such as ferritic stainless steel and Crofer 22 APU (Stygar et al, 2013;Fergus, 2005). However, metallic materials do not have sufficient oxidation resistance because of the growth of Cr 2 O 3 oxide scales during operation of the SOFC at high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Mn–Co–Ni-coated layer on AISI 304 stainless steel for protection of Cr evaporation by electroplating process

Taweesup

Khotsombat

Chubanjong

et al. 2019

ACMM

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Purpose This study aims to improve the oxidation resistance of SS304 stainless steel by fabrication of Mn–Co–Ni-coated layer. Mn–Co–Ni coating with the thickness ranging from 1.76 to 8.50 micron were prepared by electroplating process on SS304 stainless steel, focusing on the plating time which play significant roles on the performance of the film thickness and crystallize size. Design/methodology/approach Mn–Co–Ni coating layer was applied on AISI 304 stainless steel using electroplating process with solution consisted of cobalt sulfate (CoSO4), manganese sulfate (MnSO4) and nickel sulfate (NiSO4). Variation of Mn–Co–Ni coating, the morphology of the film and oxidation kinetics were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the sample with coating layer was tested by oxidation and Cr evaporation test. Findings From the formation parameter due to plating time for the conversion coating, it was found that plating time plays significant roles in the performance of the coating thickness and crystallize size. The crystallize size has an inverse relation to the full width at half maximum of diffraction peak. Film thickness higher than 6.07 micron causes a decrease in oxidation resistance and an increase of Cr evaporation from SS304 stainless steel. In this study, the Mn–Co–Ni coating with a thickness lower than 3.77 micron showed coating protection of oxidation better than SS304 substrate. Originality/value The effect of coating thickness was investigated to understand the properties of the coating. Furthermore, oxidation and Cr evaporation test were applied to evaluate the oxidation resistance of the coating layer.

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Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Crofer 22 Apu Ferritic Steel Applied in Sofc Interconnects

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Multi-Contaminant Getter for Trace Airborne Contaminant Capture in Elevated Temperature Electrochemical Systems

Fabrication of Mn–Co–Ni-coated layer on AISI 304 stainless steel for protection of Cr evaporation by electroplating process

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Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Crofer 22 Apu Ferritic Steel Applied in Sofc Interconnects

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Using LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3–δ Contact Layer Between La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Evaluation of Using LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3–δ Contact Layer Between La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Multi-Contaminant Getter for Trace Airborne Contaminant Capture in Elevated Temperature Electrochemical Systems

Fabrication of Mn–Co–Ni-coated layer on AISI 304 stainless steel for protection of Cr evaporation by electroplating process

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Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Evaluation of Using LaNi_0.6Fe_0.4O_3–_δ Contact Layer Between La_0.6Sr_0.4FeO₃ Cathode and Crofer22APU Interconnect for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells