Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Elemental Analysis of Ground Water in Thickly Populated and Industrial Area of Quetta Valley Pakistan

Abstract

Quetta valley the capital of Balochistan Province, has faced twice the rush of immigrants i.e; Afghan refugees after Saur Revolution and people from interior Balochistan due to drought in Balochishan from the last two decades. Additionally a number of industries at various areas has been established. This abrupt increase in the population and discharge from the industries have affected the drinking water quality in the valley. To assess these affects, nine ground water samples taken from densely populated and industrial areas were analyzed for their physicochemical (taste, order, color, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, pH, total hardness and total dissolved salts) and concentrations of cations (Na, K, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb) by Flame Photometer and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The results obtained were compared with both Pakistan National Standards (PNS) for drinking water Quality (2010) and World Health Organization (WHO), standards for drinking water. All the results were in the limits of the standards except cobalt (0.095-0.12 mg/L) and cadmium (0.0348-0.041 mg/L) which were found to be in high concentrations that are attributed to the anthropogenic activates.

Detection of Heavy metals in Fruits and Vegetables Available in the Market of Quetta City

“…Contamination of Heavy metal in fruits and vegetables is one of the most significant aspects of food quality. The pollution of heavy metals belong to the environmental pollution that occurred from man industrialization and agricultural activity in last few years [3] Environmentalists are concerned with the existence of heavy metals in the environment and to analyze their biological effects on human health, food is the major source of heavy metals which directly upset the human health. Several studies have been carried out for the purpose of the appropriate level of undesirable metals contamination in food with and its suitability for human health [4].…”

Comparative study on salinity removal methods: an evaluation-based stable isotopes signatures in ground and sea water

“…It is an important tool for studying different water sources and types to determine the behavior of water through the use of stable and radioactive isotopes as extractors by which water is evaluated (Ehleringer and Dawson 1992;Yang et al 2010;Khan et al 2019). It allows the measurement of stable isotope concentrations of oxygen and deuterium (δ 18 O, δ 2 H).…”