Physicochemical Characterization, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Properties of CMC/PVA/Calendula officinalis Films for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

This study reports a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film that incorporates Calendula officinalis (CO) extract for biomedical applications. The morphological, physical, mechanical, hydrophilic, biological, and antibacterial properties of CMC/PVA composite films with various CO concentrations (0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, 4%, and 5%) are fully investigated using different experiments. The surface morphology and structure of the composite films are significantly affected by higher CO concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analyses confirm the structural interactions among CMC, PVA, and CO. After CO is incorporated, the tensile strength and elongation upon the breaking of the films decrease significantly. The addition of CO significantly reduces the ultimate tensile strength of the composite films from 42.8 to 13.2 MPa. Furthermore, by increasing the concentration of CO to 0.75%, the contact angle is decreased from 15.8° to 10.9°. The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay reveals that the CMC/PVA/CO-2.5% and CMC/PVA/CO-4% composite films are non-cytotoxic to human skin fibroblast cells, which is favorable for cell proliferation. Remarkably, 2.5% and 4% CO incorporation significantly improve the inhibition ability of the CMC/PVA composite films against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In summary, CMC/PVA composite films containing 2.5% CO exhibit the functional properties for wound healing and biomedical engineering applications.

Antimicrobial topical polymeric films loaded with Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), boswellic acid and silver nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, and biological activity

“…However, the integration of AKBA and its derivatives seems to leave the film matrix structure unchanged. Similar results have been reported where no major effect of the structural integrity of the films was observed in FTIR spectra [ 38 ].

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Synergistic Effects of f-MWCNTs and Nano Titania on the Wound Healing Efficacy of Chitosan Films in Drosophila and Rat Models

“…Keeping in mind the biological applicability of the material, all the individual constituent materials of the nanocomposite, i.e., CS, PVA, TiO 2 , and f -MWCNT, have been chosen due to their nontoxicity or dose-dependent toxicity. CS is a biopolymer and PVA is a nontoxic synthetic polymer, while the nanofillers TiO 2 Nps and f -MWCNTs have very minimal dose-dependent cytotoxicity at very high concentrations. , The cell viability of HeLa cells as an effect of the synthesized CS/PVA and CS/PVA@TiO 2 / f -MWCNT nanocomposite films is investigated using the XTT assay. The cell viability data in different concentrations of the nanocomposite films are illustrated in Figure c.…”

Insight into CMC-PVA-fHNTs Nanocomposite Hydrogel as an Advance Carrier for Cefadroxil Monohydrate: Fabrication and Characterization/Angiogenic Potential Analysis

“…Overall, the antibacterial effect of the prepared hydrogels against S. aureus is greater than E. coli. The reason is that the structure of the cell wall with a layer of peptidoglycan between the cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is more complex than that of Gram-positive bacteria [39]. Antibacterial analysis shows that the prepared hydrogels are potentially fit for use in biomedical applications.…”