Physics of Heavy Ion Collisions

Abstract

This review article covers a variety of phenomena observed in heavy ion collisions in full range of available collisions energies. The main reaction channels characteristic of each energy domain are discussed in conjuction with existing nuclear reaction models. Methods used to extract characteristic features of hot nuclear objects are shown. Relations between properties of microscopic nuclear objects and infinite nuclear matter are presented. At the end of this review the transition between hadronic phase and the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma is discussed.

Intermediate Mass Fragment Emission in ${^{32}}$S +${^{51}}$V, ${^{109}}$Ag, and ${^{238}}$U Collisions at E~=~31.6~MeV~A

“…A review of earlier models and data is given in [28,29] and more recent work is reviewed in [30][31][32]. An approach making use of many-body Greens functions theory is given in [33].…”

Is there incomplete fusion mechanism beyond 100A MeV?

“…A recent review on heavy-ion reaction mechanisms may be found in Ref. [2] and specifically on the fusion reactions in Ref. [3].…”

Systematics of the fusion cross-section in heavy ion reactions

“…Normalized by the reaction cross-section and plotted as a function of the available energy per nucleon corrected for the Coulomb barrier, fusion crosssection show a rather universal behavior leading to a disappearance of the fusion around 10A MeV, except in the case of very asymmetric systems for which incomplete fusion persists and tends towards a constant value that can be explained in the frame of a simple geometrical approach. These trends are confirmed by the semiclassical Landau-Vlasov transport calculations.In heavy ion collisions, one observes complete fusion (CF) and/or incomplete fusion (IF) mechanisms of the two partners in the most central reactions over an impact parameter range whose width depends strongly on the incident energy [1]. From the Coulomb barrier to 6-8A MeV, only CF occurs and it accounts for the largest part of the reaction cross section.…”

“…In heavy ion collisions, one observes complete fusion (CF) and/or incomplete fusion (IF) mechanisms of the two partners in the most central reactions over an impact parameter range whose width depends strongly on the incident energy [1]. From the Coulomb barrier to 6-8A MeV, only CF occurs and it accounts for the largest part of the reaction cross section.…”