Physics of ultrasound

Martín, David; Wells, I T P; Goodwin, Christopher R.

doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2015.01.003

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Other factors influencing temperature include convection, conduction, the ultrasound exposure parameters, and exposure duration. 10 This production of heat is the biological effect of ultrasound, which is important to be aware of. To measure this component of probable bioeffects, the thermal index is used to provide an indication for the potential increase in temperature.…”

Section: Bioeffects Of Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in ultrasound-based transdermal drug delivery

Seah¹,

Teo²

2018

IJN

121

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The transdermal transport of pharmaceuticals possesses various advantageous properties over conventional drug administration techniques such as oral delivery and hypodermic injections. However, the stratum corneum persists as the main barrier, which impedes percutaneous transport. The ultrasound-based transdermal delivery of therapeutics is one of the techniques that are being investigated to overcome this obstacle. This review outlines the background information pertaining to sonophoresis and then discusses the individual sections of sonophoretic research. These areas include the sonophoretic application of various drugs, dual-frequency sonophoresis, synergistic combinations of transdermal drug delivery techniques, and the use of nanosized carriers in ultrasound-based transdermal delivery. The various challenges associated with sonophoretic drug delivery and trends of future research are also highlighted.

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Section: Bioeffects Of Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in ultrasound-based transdermal drug delivery

Seah¹,

Teo²

2018

IJN

121

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“…Sound is a back-and-forth mechanical motion or vibration of molecules in a medium that transports energy [ 60 ]. Ultrasound is generally produced by the passage of electric current through a piezoelectric crystal [ 61 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, a proportion of the energy will be absorbed by the tissues which leads to an increase in temperature. Therefore, this wave gradually loses energy due to absorption, reflection, diffraction, and refraction, which is called attenuation [61]. In solid materials, US may propagate as both longitudinal and transverse waves; however, in fluids and in the majority of soft tissues, the propagation is primarily longitudinal [62].…”

Section: Physics Of Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

Fateh¹,

Moradi²,

Kohan³

et al. 2021

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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The field of theranostics has been rapidly growing in recent years and nanotechnology has played a major role in this growth. Nanomaterials can be constructed to respond to a variety of different stimuli which can be internal (enzyme activity, redox potential, pH changes, temperature changes) or external (light, heat, magnetic fields, ultrasound). Theranostic nanomaterials can respond by producing an imaging signal and/or a therapeutic effect, which frequently involves cell death. Since ultrasound (US) is already well established as a clinical imaging modality, it is attractive to combine it with rationally designed nanoparticles for theranostics. The mechanisms of US interactions include cavitation microbubbles (MBs), acoustic droplet vaporization, acoustic radiation force, localized thermal effects, reactive oxygen species generation, sonoluminescence, and sonoporation. These effects can result in the release of encapsulated drugs or genes at the site of interest as well as cell death and considerable image enhancement. The present review discusses US-responsive theranostic nanomaterials under the following categories: MBs, micelles, liposomes (conventional and echogenic), niosomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, chitosan nanocapsules, dendrimers, hydrogels, nanogels, gold nanoparticles, titania nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, fuel-free nano/micromotors.

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“…Because of these oscillations, the fluid is subject to phases of compressions and decompressions (also called rarefactions). Ultrasound waves are currently used in medicine to image and scan organs and tissues [37], to give one example, they are used during pregnancy imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Power to Enhance Limestone Dissolution in the Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Process. Modeling and Results from Stepwise Titration Experiments

et al. 2018

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The goal of this work is to assess the application of ultrasonic power to the reactive dissolution of limestone particles in an acidic environment; this would represent a novel method for improving wet Flue Gas Desulfurization industrial systems. In this study a stepwise titration method is utilized; experiments were done by using different particle size distributions with and without the application of ultrasound. The use of ultrasonic power sensibly affected the reaction rate of limestone and its dissolution; a major difference could be observed when samples from the Wolica region in Poland were studied. In this case, the overall dissolution rate was found to increase by more than 70%. The reactive dissolution of limestone does not follow the same mathematical model when sonication is in effect; in this case, an extra Ultrasonic Enhancement Constant was introduced. It was demonstrated that the dissolution is proportional to an Effective Reaction Surface and, therefore, surface interactions should also be taken into consideration. For this purpose, a study is presented here on the Z-potential and electrophoretic mobility of limestone samples measured in aqueous dispersions by means of Laser Doppler Micro-Electrophoresis.

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Physics of ultrasound

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Recent advances in ultrasound-based transdermal drug delivery

Recent advances in ultrasound-based transdermal drug delivery

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

Ultrasonic Power to Enhance Limestone Dissolution in the Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Process. Modeling and Results from Stepwise Titration Experiments

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