Physiologic Status Monitoring via the Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

Reliable, real-time heart and respiratory rates are key vital signs used in evaluating the physiological status in many clinical and non-clinical settings. Measuring these vital signs generally requires superficial attachment of physically or logistically obtrusive sensors to subjects that may result in skin irritation or adversely influence subject performance. Given the broad acceptance of ingestible electronics, we developed an approach that enables vital sign monitoring internally from the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report initial proof-of-concept large animal (porcine) experiments and a robust processing algorithm that demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. Implementing vital sign monitoring as a stand-alone technology or in conjunction with other ingestible devices has the capacity to significantly aid telemedicine, optimize performance monitoring of athletes, military service members, and first-responders, as well as provide a facile method for rapid clinical evaluation and triage.

Prolonged energy harvesting for ingestible devices

“…Thanks to recent advances in ingestible electronics, it is now possible to perform video capture 1 , electronically-controlled drug release 2 , pH, temperature, and pressure recording 3 , and heart rate and respiration monitoring 4 , all from within electronic pill-like capsules placed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Recent progress in energy harvesting and wireless power transfer is offering new options to power these devices, but many are not well suited to ingestible capsules.…”

Real-Time Remote-Health Monitoring Systems: a Review on Patients Prioritisation for Multiple-Chronic Diseases, Taxonomy Analysis, Concerns and Solution Procedure

“…Several studies have focused on an alert emergency service that alarms a caregiver to provide fast response in case when vital signs become irregular [151][152][153][154][155][156]. Many studies provided services, such as suggestions, tips, drug prescriptions, recommendations and telehealth consultation [157][158][159][160][161]. Some studies recommended on selecting nearby and suitable hospitals or physicians according to patients' conditions [162,163].…”

Magnetically guided capsule endoscopy

“…A proof-ofconcept for real-time monitoring of heart and respiratory rates, internally through the GI tract, was demonstrated using acoustic signals recorded in the GI tract with a capsule-sized microphone sensor in a porcine model. 46 Recently, transluminal impedance measurements 47 …”

“…A proof-ofconcept for real-time monitoring of heart and respiratory rates, internally through the GI tract, was demonstrated using acoustic signals recorded in the GI tract with a capsule-sized microphone sensor in a porcine model. 46 Recently, transluminal impedance measurements 47 or electrical permittivity 48 has also been proposed to be important indicators of GI health monitoring. Other recent developments include an LED-based WCE that can detect bleeding in the upper GI tract 49 and an FDA-approved temperature monitoring pill (CorTemp â sensor from HQ Inc) that is accurate to AE0.1°C.…”