Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Diazotrophs from a Root Zone of Wheat Near Isogenic Lines by Vrn Genes

Samoilov, A.M.; Zhmurko, V. V.

doi:10.15407/microbiolj78.03.088

Mikrobiol. Z.

2016

DOI: 10.15407/microbiolj78.03.088

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Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Diazotrophs from a Root Zone of Wheat Near Isogenic Lines by Vrn Genes

A.M. Samoilov¹,

V. V. Zhmurko²

Abstract: Физиологическая и биохимическая активность бактерий ризосферы растений-важный фактор эффективного функционирования микроцено за корней. Бактерии, которые относятся к PGPR или PGPB (plant growth promoting (rhizo)bacteria), в ассоциации с растениями обеспечивают про дукцию ростстимулирующих веществ, изменяют проницаемость клеток корня, улучшают минеральное питание растений, подавляют развитие фи топатогенных микроорганизмов и, в целом, положительно влияют на рост и развитие растений [4, 12, 15]. К данной группе … Show more

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Micromycetes of rhizosphere and phillosphere in the lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) isogenic by VRN in relation to the development rate and productivity

2018

The Journal of v. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Biology"

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The field experiments were performed in order to assess the micromycetes number and species composition in the rhizosphere and phillosphere of the Myronivska 808 soft wheat lines isogenic by VRN genes in relation to the rate of wheat development. It was established that the lines with dominant genes VRN-A1a and VRN-D1a came to the earing phase remarkably earlier than the line with the dominant gene VRN-B1a. In lines, which have faster development, the parameters of individual productivity were higher, and the content of protein in grains was lower than that in the line with lower development rate. The number of micromycetes species and their propagules in the rhizosphere of all wheat lines were higher than that in the phillosphere. As a result of the study of species diversity of NILs mycocenoses from rhizosphere of wheat 319 strains of micromycetes, belonging to 20 genera of Zygomycota and Ascomycota, were isolated in pure culture. The most species were identified from genera Fusaruim, Aspergillus, Рenicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, and dark-pigmented micromycetes. It was established that in the rhizosphere the maximum number of micromycetes species and propagules was associated with the isolines of VRN-A1a and VRN-D1a, which showed an accelerated development, while the minimum fungi diversity occurred in the root soil of the VRN-B1a line. The phillosphere of the plant ears in all studied wheat isolines appeared to be rather poor in microscopic fungi: only 27 strains belonging to 6 genera were identified. Potential phytopathogens – representatives of the genus Fusarium were found on the surface of the plant ears of all lines, and in the phillosphere of plants of VRN-A1a line there were also representatives of dark pigmented micromycetes. The number of fungal propagules was also maximal for isolines with accelerated rates of development – VRN-A1a and VRN-D1a, and minimal for plants of VRN-B1a isoline. Thus, population density of micromycetes and their species structure, both in rhizosphere and on plant ears, correlated with the rate of development of wheat lines, which was determined by the dominant/recessive state of the VRN genes. Therefore it can be assumed that VRN genes are indirectly involved in the formation and functioning of the mycosenoses of the studied isogenic lines of soft wheat, particularly via their participation in the regulation of physiological and biochemical processes.

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Micromycetes of rhizosphere and phillosphere in the lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) isogenic by VRN in relation to the development rate and productivity

2018

The Journal of v. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Biology"

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Influence of the photoperiod duration on the biological properties of PGPR-bacteria of the soybean rhizosphere (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Hlushach

Zhmurko

2021

The Journal of v. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Biology"

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Physiological and biochemical properties of the PGPR-bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), grown under different photoperiod duration were investigated. A short-day soybean cultivar Clark was selected for the study; it was exposed to a long natural day (16 hours – control) and a short day (9 hours – test). The short day was created by darkening the plants with light-tight chambers for three weeks from 5 p.m. to 9 a.m. the next day. The field experiment was carried out at the experimental site of the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants and Microorganisms of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, located in the Botanical garden of the University. Soil samples from the soybean rhizosphere were taken at the budding phase; the bacteria were isolated in a nitrogen-depleted medium. We studied cultural characteristics of bacteria (Gram stain, bacterial morphology, mobility, type of respiration, oxidase and catalase positivity) and their physiological and biochemical properties (the capability of proteolysis and nitrate reduction). A greater variety of bacteria in terms of cultural properties was isolated from the rhizosphere of soybean grown under long-day conditions. Probably, this is due to the higher intensity of root exudate excretion (chemoattagative factors) during the long day which is caused by different metabolic intensities at various photoperiod lengths. The highest number of isolates with proteolytic activity was observed in bacteria under long-day conditions. This property is considered to have a significant impact on the mineral nutrition of plants. Analysis of literature data showed that the higher amount of protein is accumulated in soybean leaves during the long day as a result of intensification of nitrogen nutrition provided by bacteria capable of proteolysis. Under conditions of a short day, a higher number of isolates capable of nitrate reduction was observed. A decrease in the number of isolates capable of nitrate reduction under a long-day condition can be explained by the possible repression of assimilative nitrate reductase by a large amount of ammonium formed during the ammonification of organic substances. Thus, the obtained results suggest that the photoperiod duration can determine physiological and biochemical properties of the rhizosphere microbiota of the plants sensitive to this factor.

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Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Diazotrophs from a Root Zone of Wheat Near Isogenic Lines by Vrn Genes

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Micromycetes of rhizosphere and phillosphere in the lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) isogenic by VRN in relation to the development rate and productivity

Micromycetes of rhizosphere and phillosphere in the lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) isogenic by VRN in relation to the development rate and productivity

Influence of the photoperiod duration on the biological properties of PGPR-bacteria of the soybean rhizosphere (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

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