Physiological and productive characteristics of the banana 'Prata-Anã' subjected to different irrigation intervals and emitter heights

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics, gas exchange and water use efficiency of the banana 'Prata-Anã' clone Gorutuba under different irrigation intervals associated with different emitter heights. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme: two irrigation intervals (daily and every two days) and four emitter heights (50, 70, 90, and 110 cm) in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The irrigation depths applied by the microsprinkler irrigation system were calculated as a function of crop evapotranspiration. The gas exchanges were evaluated during the period of greatest climatic stress, and the productive characteristics were evaluated at harvest. The economic water use efficiency was determined indirectly by considering the production divided by the applied irrigation depth, which was the same in all the treatments. The instantaneous water use efficiency was estimated with an infrared gas analyzer in the critical climatic period. There was no interaction between the irrigation intervals and emitter heights. The two-day irrigation interval resulted in lower values of leaf temperature and photosynthetically active radiation incident on the leaves, resulting in a higher fruit weight and, consequently, higher yields and a higher water use efficiency. The highest fruit weights were obtained at heights of 70 and 90 cm.

Gas exchange and leaf area requirement for yield in Cavendish and Gros Michel Bananas

“…Photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, growth and development of banana are interdependent and influenced by site, soil and climate conditions (DONATO et al, 2021) and management. Thus, they may be associated with the yield differences between cultivars (TURNER et al, 2007;ARANTES, 2016;RAMOS et al, 2018), when subjected to different irrigation systems (ARANTES et al, 2018), irrigation management strategies (SANTOS et al, 2017), irrigation intervals and emitter heights (LAGE et al, 2020), fertilization with fertilizers for organic management (MARQUES et al, 2018), or to different planting densities (RODRIGUES FILHO et al, 2020), which lead to variations in the total leaf area and leaf area index (LAI). This is important because there is a relationship between LAI and photosynthesis (TURNER et al, 2007), leaf area and yield with varietal specificity for Cavendish (SOTO BALLESTERO, 2008;RODRÍGUEZ GONZÁLEZ et al, 2012), Prata (RODRIGUES et al, 2009) and plantains (CAYÓN SALINAS, 2004).…”