Physiological evaluation of newly invasive jorō spiders (<i>Trichonephila clavata</i>) in the southeastern <scp>USA</scp> compared to their naturalized cousin, <i>Trichonephila clavipes</i>

Davis, Andrew K.; Frick, Benjamin L.

doi:10.1111/phen.12385

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Woodland has tree, shrub, and herbaceous layers, which can provide multiple predations and activity choices for animals in the vertical space (Souza et al, 2013). For example, our study found that Trichonephila clavata , an orb‐weaver, prefers to weave webs in tall trees (Davis & Frick, 2022), was collected only in woodland. Fallow land and woodland suffer less intensified agricultural practices than orchard and cropland, which also contributes to explaining their high abundance or diversity (Agra et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐natural habitats benefit maintaining the spider diversity in subtropical agroecosystems

Geng,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Land use change has caused the loss of agricultural biodiversity. As major natural enemies of pests in agroecosystems, spiders have important ecological functions in improving agricultural productivity and thus deserve attention. However, few studies have considered their responses to land use changes. Here, we investigated the structure and diversity of the spider community in four land use types, that is, fallow land, woodland, orchard, and cropland in Pengzhou City, China. The differences in species richness, total abundance, community composition, and spider abundances with three foraging strategies and their correlations with environmental factors and agricultural intensity were compared between land use types. The results showed that the total abundance of spiders in fallow land was 71%, 157%, and 214% higher than that in orchard, cropland, and woodland, respectively. Similarly, fallow land maintained the highest species richness. Shannon–Wiener index, community structure heterogeneity, and number of spider species sampled in a single land use type were highest in woodland. Further, spiders with different foraging strategies showed distinctive responses to environmental factors and agricultural practices. The diversity of hunters was negatively correlated with the intensity of agricultural practices and canopy density, while web‐builders were positively correlated with canopy density. The diversity of burrowers was positively correlated with the vertical complexity of vegetation structure. Our study emphasizes the vital role of semi‐natural habitats, like fallow land and woodland, in maintaining spider diversity, and suggests optimizing land uses to provide wide‐open spaces and mitigate the effects of intensified agricultural activities for natural enemies of pests in agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐natural habitats benefit maintaining the spider diversity in subtropical agroecosystems

Geng,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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“…We have observed T. clavata feeding on prey in several different arthropod groups, including cockroaches, beetles, wasps, bees, butterflies, dragonflies, grasshoppers, and other spiders (David R. Coyle, John F. Deitsch, Michael I. Sitvarin, personal observations). The high metabolic rate and quick maturation time of T. clavata (Davis & Frick, 2022) suggests a substantial amount of prey is taken, and thus not available to native orb weavers. Detailed studies of interactions between T. clavata and native orb weavers and prey are needed to better understand community responses to this invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Veni, vidi, vici? Future spread and ecological impacts of a rapidly expanding invasive predator population

Nelsen,

Corbit,

Chuang

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Economic and ecological consequences of invasive species make biological invasions an influential driver of global change. Monitoring the spread and impacts of non‐native species is essential, but often difficult, especially during the initial stages of invasion. The Jorō spider, Trichonephila clavata (L. Koch, 1878, Araneae: Nephilidae), is a large‐bodied orb weaver native to Asia, likely introduced to northern Georgia, U.S. around 2010. We investigated the nascent invasion of T. clavata by constructing species distribution models (SDMs) from crowd‐sourced data to compare the climate T. clavata experiences in its native range to its introduced range. We found evidence that the climate of T. clavata's native range differs significantly from its introduced range. Species distribution models trained with observations from its native range predict that the most suitable habitats in North America occur north of its current introduced range. Consistent with SDM predictions, T. clavata appears to be spreading faster to the north than to the south. Lastly, we conducted surveys to investigate potential ecological impacts of T. clavata on the diversity of native orb weaving spiders. Importantly, Trichonephila clavata was the most common and abundant species observed in the survey, and was numerically dominant at half of the sites it was present in. Our models also suggest that there is lower native orb weaver species richness and diversity closer to where T. clavata was initially found and where it has been established the longest, though human population density complicates this finding. This early study is the first to forecast how widely this spider may spread in its introduced range and explore its potential ecological impacts. Our results add evidence that T. clavata is an invasive species and deserves much more ecological scrutiny.

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“…It endures the harsh Korean winter (up to approximately -18 °C) until hatching in the following spring, but lays eggs with in loose eggpads containing large amount of CM. Previously found only in Eurasia, this species was recently reported for the first time in the Americas (Hoebeke et al 2015 ) and has expanded its range from southern United States as far as Oklahoma (Davis and Frick 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Fine structural characteristics of the chorionic microspheres on the egg surface of the orb web spider Trichonephila clavata

Lee

Moon

2023

Appl. Microsc.

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The eggs laid by the orb web spider Trichonephila clavata must overwinter in bitterly freezing and dry conditions before hatching, but there does not seem to be any protection like a compact silk case covering the entire eggmass. Instead, the surface of the eggmass is completely coated with a milky coating called chorionic microspheres (CM). Therefore, we investigated the fine structural characteristics of CM to demonstrate their ecological importance. Although the diameter of CM in outer eggmass exhibits a significant variation, the chorionic surface is coated with a single layer of CM, characterized by a consistent diameter of approximately 2.3 µm. The surface structure of aggregated CM shows short papillary projections demonstrating segmental adhesion of mucous components. CM is insoluble in water but partially soluble in anhydrous ethanol, and its spherical structure is completely decomposed by hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), a strong organic solvent. Since our fine structural observations clearly show that CM is not derived from vitellogenic or choriogenetic processes, the CM adhesive coatings during ovipositional process appears to be equivalent to cocoon silk for various protective functions in silken eggcase.

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Physiological evaluation of newly invasive jorō spiders (Trichonephila clavata) in the southeastern USA compared to their naturalized cousin, Trichonephila clavipes

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Semi‐natural habitats benefit maintaining the spider diversity in subtropical agroecosystems

Semi‐natural habitats benefit maintaining the spider diversity in subtropical agroecosystems

Veni, vidi, vici? Future spread and ecological impacts of a rapidly expanding invasive predator population

Fine structural characteristics of the chorionic microspheres on the egg surface of the orb web spider Trichonephila clavata

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