Physiological Factors in Tomato Fruit-Set

Leopold, A. C.; Scott, Frances I.

doi:10.2307/2438259

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Fruit set is well known to be resource limited (Stephenson, 1981), and it has been demonstrated that with the increasing number of fruits borne by a plant, competition for the photoassimilates becomes higher and the number of fruits able to develop to maturity decreases (Picken, 1984;Bertin, 1995). Similarly, a decrease in the photosynthetic production of sucrose related to pruning or shading the leaves causes a proportional decrease in fruit set (Leopold and Scott, 1952). The results presented here show not only that fruit set is resource limited, but also that SuSy activity, by controlling their unloading capacity, determines the capability of the fruits to set properly.…”

Section: Susy Activity Determines Fruit Set and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisense Inhibition of Tomato Fruit Sucrose Synthase Decreases Fruit Setting and the Sucrose Unloading Capacity of Young Fruit

D'Aoust¹,

Yelle²,

Nguyen‐Quoc³

1999

The Plant Cell

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The role of sucrose synthase (SuSy) in tomato fruit was studied in transgenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants expressing an antisense fragment of fruit-specific SuSy RNA (TOMSSF) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Constitutive expression of the antisense RNA markedly inhibited SuSy activity in flowers and fruit pericarp tissues. However, inhibition was only slight in the endosperm and was undetectable in the embryo, shoot, petiole, and leaf tissues. The activity of sucrose phosphate synthase decreased in parallel with that of SuSy, but acid invertase activity did not increase in response to the reduced SuSy activity. The only effect on the carbohydrate content of young fruit was a slight reduction in starch accumulation. The in vitro sucrose import capacity of fruits was not reduced by SuSy inhibition at 23 days after anthesis, and the rate of starch synthesized from the imported sucrose was not lessened even when SuSy activity was decreased by 98%. However, the sucrose unloading capacity of 7-day-old fruit was substantially decreased in lines with low SuSy activity. In addition, the SuSy antisense fruit from the first week of flowering had a slower growth rate. A reduced fruit set, leading to markedly less fruit per plant at maturity, was observed for the plants with the least SuSy activity. These results suggest that SuSy participates in the control of sucrose import capacity of young tomato fruit, which is a determinant for fruit set and development.

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Section: Susy Activity Determines Fruit Set and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisense Inhibition of Tomato Fruit Sucrose Synthase Decreases Fruit Setting and the Sucrose Unloading Capacity of Young Fruit

D'Aoust¹,

Yelle²,

Nguyen‐Quoc³

1999

The Plant Cell

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“…This permitted assessment of the kinetics of N overwinter in perennial tissues is utilized during the utilization from the two principal pools of N origin (i.e., spring flush of growth in deciduous tree fruit species storage vs current-year uptake) utilized to support the (Roberts 1921, Oland 1959, Taylor 1967 spring flush of growth. Kang 1982, Tromp 1983, Weinbaum et al 1984, A secondary objective was to assess the relationship However, the kinetics and relative N contributions from between the availability of N from storage and currentthe within-tree storage and soil N pools during the year uptake and the commitment to pistillate flower spring flush of growth have not been determined be-abortion (PFA; Catlin et al 1987), It has been suggested cause of difficulties in distinguishing between the 2 prin-that the widespread abortion of flowers and immature cipal N pools (Tromp 1983), fruits, characteristic of many angiosperms, may result Labeled N has been employed to monitor current-from inadequate resources to support continued develyear uptake of fertilizer N in several deciduous tree opment (Leopold et al 1952, Hill-Cottingham and Wilspecies (Grasmanis and Nicholas 1971, Hill-Cottingham Hams 1967, Stephenson 1981, Ryugo et al 1985. and Lloyd-Jones 1975, Weinbaum et al 1984a.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of nitrogen from storage and current‐year uptake in walnut spurs during the spring flush of growth

Deng

Weinbaum

DeJong

et al. 1989

Physiologia Plantarum

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[15N]‐depleted (NH4)2SO4 applied to the soil in 1985 resulted in residual labeling of about 16% of the storage nitrogen (N) pool of mature walnut (Juglans regia L. cv. Serr) trees in 1987. Application of [15N]‐depleted (NH4)2SO4 fertilizer to a different set of mature walnut trees in 1987 allowed monitoring of the kinetics and utilization of N from current year uptake in 1987 and resulted in >20% labeling of fruit N following completion of leaf expansion. Redistribution of storage N to the new growth predominated during the spring flush of growth although N derived from the soil during current‐year uptake contributed increasingly during leaf expansion. Labeled N from current year uptake accumulated preferentially in the leaves as compared with reproductive organs during leaf expansion but subsequent to leaf expansion, fruit were more highly labeled with N derived from current‐year uptake than leaves. Pistillate flower abortion was coincident with an apparent competition for N among developing vegetative and reproductive organs and preceded the period of significant N contribution from current‐year uptake.

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“…Fruit set has been defined as the changeover from the static condition of the flower ovary to the rapidly growing condition of the young fruit (Leopold and Scott 1952). To maintain a high growth rate, carbohydrates must he imported at high rate into the fruit.…”

Section: Introdactioamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone directed sucrose transport during fruit set induced by gibberellins in Pisum sativum

Peretó

Beltrán

1987

Physiologia Plantarum

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A new system has been developed to study hormone‐directed transport in intact plants during parthenocarpic fruit set induced by gibberellins. Gibberellic acid (GA3) and gibberellin A1 (GA1) applied to unpollinated ovaries of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) promoted sucrose transport from the leaf to the site of hormone application. In vivo experiments showed an early (30 min) accumulation of [14C]‐sucrose in ovaries of pea stimulated by gibberellins. This activation of sucrose transport appears to be mediated by gibberellins (GA1, GA3), increasing both loading of phloem with sucrose in the leaf (source) and sucrose unloading in the ovary (sink). The ability of pea tissue segments to take up sucrose in vitro was not affected by the hormonal treatment.

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Physiological Factors in Tomato Fruit-Set

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Antisense Inhibition of Tomato Fruit Sucrose Synthase Decreases Fruit Setting and the Sucrose Unloading Capacity of Young Fruit

Antisense Inhibition of Tomato Fruit Sucrose Synthase Decreases Fruit Setting and the Sucrose Unloading Capacity of Young Fruit

Utilization of nitrogen from storage and current‐year uptake in walnut spurs during the spring flush of growth

Hormone directed sucrose transport during fruit set induced by gibberellins in Pisum sativum

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