Physiological Mechanism of Enhancing Salt Stress Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass by 24-Epibrassinolide

Wu, Wenli; Zhang, Qiang; Ervin, Erik H.; Yang, Zhiping; Zhang, Xunzhong

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01017

Cited by 147 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The most effective pretreatments were Diw-1.04 S1 (64.2% Na + increase, 75.2% K + decrease, and 37.8% Ca 2+ decrease compared with SS-S1) and Diw-1.04 S2 (87.2% Na + increase, 60.9% K + decrease, and 39.7% Ca 2+ decrease compared with SS-S2). Although the concentration of 24-epiBL in our pretreatment groups differed, the effects were similar to a study in which foliage was sprayed with 0.01-0.1 µM 24-epiBL to improve the salt tolerance (to 250 mM NaCl) of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), resulting in higher concentrations of leaf proline, K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and chlorophyll, increased P n , and a weak reduction in Na + [48]. In addition, soaking seeds in 0.0001~1µM 24-epiBL improved the tolerance of R. sativus L. seedlings to mercury (Hg) by increasing Na + and K + and activating the antioxidative ability of the plant (i.e., reduced MDA and increased activities of POD, SOD, glutathione reductase (GR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR)) [49].…”

Section: Ion Toxicity and Chloroplast Ultrastructuresupporting

confidence: 72%

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2018

Forests

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As a brassinosteroid (BR), 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) has been widely used to enhance the resistance of plants to multiple stresses, including salinity. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a common species in degraded soils. In the current study, plants were pretreated with three levels of 24-epiBL (0.21, 0.62, or 1.04 µM) by either soaking seeds during the germination phase (Sew), foliar spraying (Spw), or root dipping (Diw) at the age of 6 months. The plants were exposed to salt stress (100 and 200 mM NaCl) via automatic drip-feeding (water content~40%) for 45 days after each treatment. Increased salinity resulted in a decrease in net photosynthesis rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (G s ), intercellular:ambient CO 2 concentration ratio (C i /C a ), water-use efficiency (WUE i ), and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (F v /F m ). Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and thermal dissipation (H d ) were elevated under stress, which accompanied the reduction in the membrane steady index (MSI), water content (RWC), and pigment concentration (Chl a, Chl b, and Chl). Indicators of oxidative stress (i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in leaves and Na + content in chloroplasts increased accompanied by a reduction in chloroplastid K + and Ca 2+ . At 200 mM NaCl, the chloroplast and thylakoid ultrastructures were severely disrupted. Exogenous 24-epiBL improved MSI, RWC, K + , and Ca 2+ content, reduced Na + levels, maintained chloroplast and thylakoid membrane structures, and enhanced the antioxidant ability in leaves. 24-epiBL also substantially alleviated stress-induced limitations of photosynthetic ability, reflected by elevated chlorophyll fluorescence, pigment levels, and P n . The positive effects of alleviating salt stress in R. pseudoacacia seedlings in terms of treatment application was Diw > Sew > Spw, and the most positive impacts were seen with 1.04 µM 24-epiBL. These results provide diverse choice for 24-epiBL usage to defend against NaCl stress of a plant.

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Section: Ion Toxicity and Chloroplast Ultrastructuresupporting

confidence: 72%

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…EL was measured according to the assay described by Wu et al [30] with some slight modifications. First, 0.1 g of fresh sample material was placed in a glass container, to which 30 ml of deionized water was added.…”

Section: Determination Of H 2 O 2 Mda and Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

et al. 2020

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Melatonin (MT; is an amine hormone involved in abiotic stress resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that melatonin can promote seed germination, mediate physiological regulation mechanisms, and stimulate crop growth under stress. However, the osmotic regulation mechanism by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance in cotton is still largely unknown. To investigate the effect of salt stress on melatonin concentration in germinating cotton seeds, we analyzed melatonin content over time during seed germination under different treatments. Melatonin content reached its minimum at day 6, while cotton germination rates peaked at day 6, indicating melatonin content and seed germination are correlated. Then we investigated the effects of 10-100 μM melatonin treatments on membrane lipid peroxides and osmotic adjustment substances during cotton seed germination under salt stress. Salt stress led to electrolyte leakage (EL) as well as accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), organic osmotic substances (i.e., proline, soluble sugars), and inorganic osmotic substances (i.e., Na + , Cl -). Meanwhile, the contents of melatonin, soluble proteins, and K + as well as the K + /Na + balance decreased, indicating that salt stress inhibited melatonin synthesis and damaged cellular membranes, seriously affecting seed germination. However, melatonin pretreatment at different concentrations alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress on cotton seeds and reduced EL as well as the contents of H 2 O 2 , MDA, Na + , and Cl -. The exogenous application of melatonin also promoted melatonin, soluble sugar, soluble proteins, proline, and K + /Na + contents under salt stress. These results demonstrate that supplemental melatonin can effectively ameliorate the repression of cotton seed germination by enhancing osmotic regulating substances and adjusting ion homeostasis under salt stress. Thus, melatonin may potentially be used to protect cotton seeds from salt stress, with the 20 μM melatonin treatment most effectively promoting cotton seed germination and improving salt stress tolerance. et al. (2020) Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLoS ONE 15(1): e0228241. https://doi.org/10.

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“…Cell membrane lipid peroxidation was determined based on malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The MDA was measured according to Wu et al (2017). Leaf samples (50 mg) were homogenized in 1.8 mL 10% trichloroacetic acid and centrifuged at 12,000 g n for 20 min, then 1 mL 0.6% thiobarbituric acid in 10% trichloroacetic acid was added to 1 mL supernatant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Chlorophyllin Impacts on Growth and Drought Stress Tolerance of Tomato Plants

Zhang¹,

Goatley²,

Conner³

et al. 2019

horts

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Plant-based pigments have been used as substances to improve crop yield and quality, but the mechanisms of their action on plant growth and stress tolerance are not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of two formulations of plant-based copper chlorophyllin (Cu-Chl) with and without synthetic paraffinic oil. These formulations, referred to as B18-0074 and B18-0075, were applied as a soil drench plus foliar or a foliar-only application. We investigated their impact on physiological responses of tomato plants under prolonged drought stress conditions. In addition, we examined photosynthetic impacts associated with the application of Cu-Chl formulations. B18-0074 increased leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 8.8% with soil plus foliar application and 18.6% with foliar application relative to the control under drought stress at day 21. Similarly, B18-0075 increased Pn by 16.9% with soil plus foliar application and 24.6% with foliar application relative to the control under drought stress at day 21. The application of the two Cu-Chl–containing products increased leaf antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, as well as glutathione (GSH) content. The two products also increased leaf soluble sugars and proline content, indicating improvement of osmotic adjustment. Soil plus foliar and foliar application only of B18-0075 increased root biomass but did not consistently affect plant shoot growth. The results of this study suggest that application of Cu-Chl in combination with synthetic paraffinic oil may improve photosynthetic function, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defense capacity, and root growth of tomato plant grown under drought stress conditions.

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Physiological Mechanism of Enhancing Salt Stress Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass by 24-Epibrassinolide

Cited by 147 publications

References 43 publications

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

The Positive Effect of Different 24-epiBL Pretreatments on Salinity Tolerance in Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Copper Chlorophyllin Impacts on Growth and Drought Stress Tolerance of Tomato Plants

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