Physiological parameters for assessing the hazard of exposure to ruthenium radioisotopes

Thompson, R.C.; Weeks, Maurice H; Hollis, O. L.; Ballou, J.E.; Oakley, W.D.

doi:10.2172/10115014

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The incorporation of tritium into tissue depends on tritium concentration in body water or organic labelled compound, on the metabolic activity of tissue, and on the rate of decomposition of labelled organic compounds . It is known from the work of Thompson and Ballou (1956) that tritium introduced into the body is incorporated mainly into the most short-lived components .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incorporation of Organically-bound Tritium of Food into Some Organs of the Rat

Rochalska¹,

Szot²

1977

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incorporation of Organically-bound Tritium of Food into Some Organs of the Rat

Rochalska¹,

Szot²

1977

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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“…Several authors point out a relatively uniform higher concentrations than the whole body. distribution of ruthenium in the various The Hanford group (13) found that abdominal tissues. (3,4,11,24) viscera had somewhat higher levels of activity Excepting kidney, Table 3 shows differences after IP injection than was found after IV, of a factor of 3 among the various tissue con-intratracheal, or intragastric injections but that, centrations a month after an IP injection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Various values have been reported for the halftimes for tissues. For example, THOMPSON et al (13) reported a biological halftime of 250 days in the skeleton of rats after cessation of chronic feeding and also a biological halftime of 340 days for the skeleton after a single intraperitoneal injection. DURBIN et a1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolism of Radionuclides in Mammals - VII. Retention of 106Ru in the Mouse, Rat, Monkey and Dog

Furchner¹,

Cr²,

Drake³

1971

Health Physics

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Whole-body retention of lo6RuC13 as a function of time was measured in mice, rats, monkeys, and dogs. Retention after oral dosage and after parenteral injection was measured in the four species. About 4% of an oral dose is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, and about 20% of a parenteral dose is lost with an effective halftime of about 200 days. The highest concentrations were found in the kidney, while bone maintained about 6% of the body burden over a period of 8 months. Such values are compared with values in the literature. Estimates of the maximum permissible concentration in water were greater for the target organs examined than the limiting value of pCi/cm3 set by the ICRP for the lower large intestine.INTEREST shown by health physicists in the metabolism of ruthenium is largely due to the significant fraction of fission product activity attributed to ruthenium isotopes'l) and to the appearance of such isotopes in the biosphere.(2) Several papers dealing with ruthenium metabolism have appeared during the past 20 ~r , (~-l~) and the questions raised in the papers are about as numerous as the answers supplied. Gastrointestinal absorption has been reported as being less than 0.05%(14) and as much as 13 %.(3) Various values have been reported for the halftimes for tissues. For example, THOMPSON et al.(13) reported a biological halftime of 250 days in the skeleton of rats after cessation of chronic feeding and also a biological halftime of 340 days for the skeleton after a single intraperitoneal injection. DURBIN et a1.(l6) reported a biological halftime of 11 days for rats. These papers deal with guinea pigs,(*) chickens,(g) rabbit~(3.1~) and r a t~. (~J~-l~) The chemical formadministered,(3-13J7) pH,(6J3) solvent,(l7) specific activity,(6,13) nutritional state (fasted or fed)(11) and route of administration(5,',13) have all been implicated as factors which modify ruthenium metabolism. Tissue distribution may be reported in one or more of * This work was performed under the auspices of the USAEC. the following units: % of injected dose per organ(4-6J3J') or % of absorbed dose per g tissue,(3~13) % of injected dose per g ~~s s u~(~B~*~*~ and as relative specific activity [(activity in organ/organ weight)/(activity injected/body weight)] .(4) Interspecific comparisons made at this Laboratory as part of a series of such comparisons(18-21) may be useful in evaluating radiation protection guides. METHODSThe experimental plan is given in Table 1. Female R F mice, male Sprague-Dawley rats, male Macaca mulatta monkeys, and male beagle hounds were all given oral doses of radioruthenium, the rats and mice by stomach intubation under light ether anesthesia, the monkeys by means of a contaminated sugar cube and the dogs by a gelatin capsule thrust into the esophagus. All oral doses were preceded by an 18-hr fast. Mice and rats received intraperitoneal doses by injection into the lower left abdominal quadrant. Dogs and monkeys were given an intravenous injection into the cephalic or saphenous veins, respectively. A gro...

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“…The ruthenium nitrosyl complexes are retained to the greatest extent. The longterm biological half-life has been reported as 250-260 days in the about 220 days in the rat;(167J68) and 300 days in the When the ruthenium is administered orally, the long component half-life is 49 days in the mouse (167,168) and 13-20 days in the cat and the d0g. (laJS7)…”

Section: Ruthenium-] 06 (Transition Metals)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolism of Radionuclides in Mammals

Stara¹,

Nelson²,

Rosa³

et al. 1971

Health Physics

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An extensive review of animal and human metabolism data for selected radionuclides is presented in an attempt to assess the value of animal research and subsequent extrapolation of the results to man. Since isotopes of related elements generally follow similar metabolic pathways, radionuclides of biological importance were selected and grouped by their respective chemical families. Criteria for selection included world-wide atmospheric contamination, general use in medicine and industry, contribution to the natural radiation environment and their radiotoxicity. In this review, reported results, supplemented by original work, were compiled for the following radionuclides: 13'Cs for the alkali metals; 9OSr and zzaRa for the alkaline earths;z3ePu for the lanthanides and actinides; lS1I for the halides; 210Po and aloPb for the transitional elements; and lo6Ru for the transition metals. An appraisal of biological effects and of therapeutic or preventive methods for each radionuclide is also given.Comparative studies of hazardous radionuclides in animals are necessary since they provide basic data useful for assessment of their metabolic pathways and response in man. Animal data are especially valid when values are obtained for several species from different mammalian sub-families with life spans ofdifferent duration. In certain cases, however, the data suggest species specific metabolic pathways for individual isotopes. The authors conclude that extrapolation to man from animal data is admittedly difficult and sometimes inaccurate; however, the risks in not extrapolating are unquestionably greater.

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Physiological parameters for assessing the hazard of exposure to ruthenium radioisotopes

Abstract: Work performed under Contract #W-31-109-Eng-5Z between the Atomic Energy Commission and General Electric Company

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The Incorporation of Organically-bound Tritium of Food into Some Organs of the Rat

The Incorporation of Organically-bound Tritium of Food into Some Organs of the Rat

Comparative Metabolism of Radionuclides in Mammals - VII. Retention of 106Ru in the Mouse, Rat, Monkey and Dog

Comparative Metabolism of Radionuclides in Mammals

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