Physiological potential of soybean seeds treated in the industry with and without the application of dry powder

Abstract

-In soybean crops, industrial seed treatment is widely adopted, and it has allowed the development of new technologies, such as the use of dry powders. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the industrial treatment, with and without the additional application of dry powder, on the physiological potential of soybean seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4×2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Four chemical treatments were evaluated: 1) control, 2) carbendazim + thiram + thiamethoxam, 3) carbendazim + thiram, 4) thiamethoxam. Each trial was divided into one group that was treated and the other that remained untreated with the dry powder. The cultivars BRS 360 RR and BRS 284 were used and analyzed separately. The physiological potential of the seeds was determined by the following assessments: germination, first germination count, seedling emergence in sand, seedling total length, shoot length, and root length. Soybean cultivars respond differently to seed chemical treatments, regarding the effects on physiological potential. Using the dry powder results in problems in seed germination speed in the cultivar BRS 284. In the cultivar BRS 360 RR, the use of dry powder associated with thiamethoxam treatment reduces the physiological potential of the seeds.Index terms: Glycine max (L.) Merrill., fungicides, insecticides, germination, emergence of seedlings.Potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja tratadas industrialmente com e sem a aplicação de pó secante RESUMO -Na cultura da soja, o tratamento industrial de sementes é amplamente realizado e tem propiciado o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, como a utilização de pó secante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento industrial de sementes, com e sem a aplicação de pó secante, sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x2, com quatro repetições, sendo avaliados quatro tratamentos químicos de sementes: 1) testemunha, 2) carbendazim + thiram + tiametoxam, 3) carbendazim + thiram, 4) tiametoxam; todos na ausência e na presença de pó secante. As cultivares utilizadas foram a BRS 360 RR e a BRS 284, que foram analisadas separadamente. O potencial fisiológico das sementes foi determinado por meio das seguintes avaliações: germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas em areia, e comprimentos total, da parte aérea e da raiz das plântulas. As cultivares de soja respondem de forma diferenciada aos tratamentos químicos de sementes, quanto aos efeitos no potencial fisiológico. O pó secante resulta em problemas na velocidade de germinação das sementes da cultivar BRS 284. Na cultivar BRS 360 RR, o uso de pó secante associado ao tratamento com tiametoxam reduz o potencial fisiológico das sementes.Termos para indexação: Glycine max (L.) Merrill., fungicidas, inseticidas, germinação, emergência de plântulas.

Interaction of Mechanical Damage and Chemical Treatment and Its Effects on Soybean Seed Physiological Quality

“…In this context, it is important to stress that Abati et al (2018), found different responses in relation to germination, depending on soybean cultivar. These authors considered the use of dry powder resulted in lower speed of germination.…”

“…The use of dry powder in seed treatment usually accelerates the natural drying process of the product but can result in future imbibition damage in seeds (Abati et al, 2018). These difficulties may occur during the imbibition process and is caused by a negative action of the fast water uptake on cell membranes, thus resulting in problems during germination (Toledo et al, 2010).…”

Computerized analysis of seedling performance in evaluating the phytotoxicity of chemical treatment of soybean seeds

“…Especially soil pathogenic fungi and insect pests can have negative impacts in the initial stages of crop development (França-Neto et al, 2016) and on establishing plant stand. Mixtures of determined active ingredients are widely used in chemical treatment, but these mixtures may be phytotoxic to seeds and thus reduce their physiological potential ( Abati et al, 2018;Santos et al, 2018;Abati et al, 2020).…”

Physiological quality of soybean seeds submitted to chemical treatment and storage times

“…Chemical treatments used to be applied before sowing, both on the farm as well as in at the resale stage, using specific machines. However, with the nationwide development of agriculture, seed companies came to adopt techniques that maximize crop yield, e.g., an industrial process of seed treatment, in which the seeds are treated in the proper processing stage and later bagged and stored until sowing (BRZEZINSKI et al, 2015;ABATI et al, 2018).…”