Physiological responses of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax to different stocking densities and acute stress challenge

Marco, P. Di; Finoia, María Grazia; Massari, A.; Mandich, Alberta; Marino, G.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.12.012

Cited by 156 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…They found that the stocking density increases the modified lipid metabolism in order to help meet the increased energy demand. Di Marco et al (2008) reached similar conclusions for ongrowing sea bass. The authors found no differences in growth and survival in sea bass kept at 15, 30 or 45 kg m -3 for 6 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The results indicate that a stocking density of 45 kg m -3 for 6 weeks did affect the energetic status of sea bass and their sensitivity to a subsequent crowding stressor. After exposure to adverse conditions fish require a recovery time that is related to the magnitude of the adverse effect (Di Marco et al 2008). Canario et al (1998) found that gilthead sea bream held in tanks at a density of 3.2kg m -3 grew 25% less than fish at a density of 0.35kg m -3 , and concluded that growth in fish although negatively correlated with stocking density did not seem to be related to intraspecific competition as evidenced by changes in size variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect of organic and conventional production methods on sea bream growth, health and body composition: a field experiment

Mente¹,

Stratakos²,

Boziaris³

et al. 2012

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: This study aimed to develop a better understanding of organic sea bream aquaculture production in Greece, in particular its consequences for fish growth, health and body composition, and to propose and update standards for sustainable organic sea bream farming. Gilthead sea bream were kept in sea cages at densities of 4 kg m -3 (organic) and 15 kg m -3 (conventional), and were fed organically produced feed (45% crude protein, 14% fat) or conventional feed (46% crude protein, 17% fat). The amino acid profile of the conventional diet, particularly the lysine content, which is one of most important dietary amino acids for sea bream, appeared to be unsatisfactory. "Organic" sea bream stored less fat content in their white muscle than the conventional sea bream. The liver lipid content was lower and the hepatosomatic index was higher for the organic sea bream. The microbiological analysis showed that both Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli on the skin were below the enumeration detection limit in both the organic and conventional sea bream. Total viable counts on the skin and muscle of both the organically and conventionally cultured sea bream were approximately 3 log cfu g -1 , which is well below the acceptable limit (7 log cfu g -1 ) for marine species. The results showed that the combination of a low stocking density and feed with a different ingredient composition but similar nutritional value resulted in similar growth rates and nutrient profiles of the final product. Further research on nutrition is required to provide information on setting the appropriate standards for organic sea bream aquaculture to ensure that the final product is in line with the consumers' preferences.Keywords: sustainable, organic, sea bream aquaculture. RESUMEN: EfEcto dE los métodos dE producción orgánica y convEncional En El crEcimiEnto, salud y composición corporal dEl pargo: un ExpErimEnto dE campo. -Este estudio tiene por objeto desarrollar una mejor comprensión de la producción acuícola orgánica del pargo en Grecia, en particular sus consecuencias en relación al crecimiento del pez, su salud y su composición corporal, y proponer y actualizar los estándares para la cría sostenible y orgánica. Los pargos dorados fueron criados en contenedores con densidades de 4 kg m -3 (orgánico) y de 15 kg m -3 (convencional) y les fue ofrecido alimento producido orgánicamente (45% de proteina cruda, 14% de grasa) y convencionalmente (46% de proteina cruda, 17% de grasa). El perfil de los aminoácidos de la dieta convencional, en especial en relación al contenido en lisina, uno de los aminoácidos alimentarios más importantes para pargos, pareció ser insatisfactorio. Los pargos "orgánicos" acumularon una menor cantidad de grasa en sus músculos blancos en compración con los pargos convencionales; el contenido en lípidos del hígado es menor y el índice hepatosomático es más alto en los pargos orgánicos. Los análisis microbiológicos muestran que las Enterobacteriaceae y las Escherichia coli en la piel estaban por debajo del límite de de...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of organic and conventional production methods on sea bream growth, health and body composition: a field experiment

Mente¹,

Stratakos²,

Boziaris³

et al. 2012

Sci. Mar.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 4 is a plot of the SE of responses to a stochastic event of eight different European seabass systems with different numbers of fish (1,2,3,4,5,13,25, and 50 fish) and not subject to any known stressor (results submitted for publication in another paper). Interestingly, the average SE values measured in the present work during the recuperation period for the two cases with 16 (C 1 ) and 19 (C 2 ) fish are in accordance with those predicted by the model calculated based on a variable number of individuals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods based on the non-invasive monitoring of alterations in fish behavior and responses have shown their potential to indicate the influence on fish systems of stressors such as high density [1,2], exposure to hypochlorite [3], hypoxia, feeding regime [4], human drugs [5], and MeHg [6]. Implementation in aquaculture of these biological warning system (BWS) methods, could help to achieve the on-line quality and safety monitoring of farmed fish and aid in the certification of fish welfare practices [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shannon Entropy in a European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) System during the Initial Recovery Period after a Short-Term Exposure to Methylmercury

Eguiraun

López-de-Ipiña

Martı́nez

2016

Entropy

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Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental contaminant of increasing relevance as a seafood safety hazard that affects the health and welfare of fish. Non-invasive, on-line methodologies to monitor and evaluate the behavior of a fish system in aquaculture may make the identification of altered systems feasible-for example, due to the presence of agents that compromise their welfare and wholesomeness-and find a place in the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points and Fish Welfare Assurance Systems. The Shannon entropy (SE) of a European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) system has been shown to differentiate MeHg-treated from non-treated fish, the former displaying a lower SE value than the latter. However, little is known about the initial evolution of the system after removal of the toxicant. To help to cover this gap, the present work aims at providing information about the evolution of the SE of a European seabass system during a recuperation period of 11 days following a two-week treatment with 4 µg¨MeHg/L. The results indicate that the SE of the system did not show a recovery trend during the examined period, displaying erratic responses with daily fluctuations and lacking a tendency to reach the initial SE values.

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“…Examples include suboptimal/poor water quality, repeated handling, transport and crowding. The effects of many of these challenges have been studied, albeit mostly as a single stressor (Barton and Peter, 1982;Gorissen et al, 2012;Di Marco et al, 2008;Pottinger, 2010;Remen et al, 2012). Studies on mammals (Aguilera and Rabadan-Diehl, 2000;Dhabhar and McEwen, 1997;Grissom and Bhatnagar, 2009;Thorsell et al, 1999), as well as fish (Schreck, 2000), show they have great resilience to a single stressor given repeatedly over long periods of time; however, knowledge on how ectotherms respond to multiple persistent stressors is very scant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress in Atlantic salmon: response to unpredictable chronic stress

Madaro

Olsen

Kristiansen

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Combinations of stressors occur regularly throughout an animal's life, especially in agriculture and aquaculture settings. If an animal fails to acclimate to these stressors, stress becomes chronic, and a condition of allostatic overload arises with negative results for animal welfare. In the current study, we describe effects of exposing Atlantic salmon parr to an unpredictable chronic stressor (UCS) paradigm for 3 weeks. The paradigm involves exposure of fish to seven unpredictable stressors three times a day. At the end of the trial, experimental and control fish were challenged with yet another novel stressor and sampled before and 1 h after that challenge. Plasma cortisol decreased steadily over time in stressed fish, indicative of exhaustion of the endocrine stress axis. This was confirmed by a lower cortisol response to the novel stressor at the end of the stress period in chronically stressed fish compared with the control group. In the preoptic area (POA) and pituitary gland, chronic stress resulted in decreased gene expression of 11βhsd2, gr1 and gr2 in the POA and increased expression of those genes in the pituitary gland. POA crf expression and pituitary expression of pomcs and mr increased, whereas interrenal gene expression was unaffected. Exposure to the novel stressor had no effect on POA and interrenal gene expression. In the pituitary, crfr1, pomcs, 11βhsd2, grs and mr were downregulated. In summary, our results provide a novel overview of the dynamic changes that occur at every level of the hypothalamicpituitary gland-interrenal gland (HPI) axis as a result of chronic stress in Atlantic salmon.

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Physiological responses of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax to different stocking densities and acute stress challenge

Cited by 156 publications

References 47 publications

The effect of organic and conventional production methods on sea bream growth, health and body composition: a field experiment

The effect of organic and conventional production methods on sea bream growth, health and body composition: a field experiment

Shannon Entropy in a European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) System during the Initial Recovery Period after a Short-Term Exposure to Methylmercury

Stress in Atlantic salmon: response to unpredictable chronic stress

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