Physiological Responses of Human Adults to Foods Containing Phosphate Additives

Bell, Roma R.; Draper, H. H.; Tzeng, Diana Y.; Shin, Homin; Schmidt, Gerald D.

doi:10.1093/jn/107.1.42

Cited by 193 publications

(119 citation statements)

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“…The introduction of a diet rich in phosphorus was associated with intestinal distress, soft stools or mild diarrhoea in young women. This physiological response to phosphorus supplementation in the present study was in agreement with that observed by Bell et al (1977). In their investigation eight human subjects ®rst received a control diet containing 1 g P per day for 4 weeks; this was followed by 4 further weeks with a high-phosphorus diet providing approximately 2.1 g of phosphorus in the form of sodium polyphosphates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

High phosphorus intake only slightly affects serum minerals, urinary pyridinium crosslinks and renal function in young women

et al. 2001

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Objective: Assessment of the physiological effects of a diet rich in phosphorus in young women. Design: Control period I Ð commercial basic diet containing 1700 mg P and 1500 mg Caaday for 4 weeks. Supplementation period Ð a 6 week high-phosphorus period of 3008 mg P and 1995 mg Caaday. Control period II Ð 4 weeks washout with basic diet as in period I. Setting: Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena. Subjects: Ten healthy women, aged 20 ± 30 y. Interventions: Orange juice and tablets, containing supplements of Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH and NaH 2 PO 4 , totalling 1436 mg elemental phosphorus per day. Results: There was an increase of 10.7 AE 13.7 pgaml in serum PTH, a decrease of 0.6AE 0.6 ngaml in serum osteocalcin, an increase of 73.6 AE 136.6 nmolammol creatinine in urinary pyridinoline and of 19.3 AE 36.0 nmola mmol creatinine in urinary deoxypyridinoline, and a decrease of 2.6 AE 9.3 mgal in urinary microalbumin. All changes were insigni®cant. There were no changes in serum levels of Ca, PO 4 or Zn, in serum concentration of 1,25-(OH) 2 D 3 , and in urinary b-2-microglobulin excretion. Phosphorus supplementation caused intestinal distress, soft stools or mild diarrhoea. Conclusions: In spite of a high phosphorus supplementation no signi®cant changes in bone-related hormones, pyridinium crosslinks as markers of bone resorption and parameters of renal function in young women were found.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

High phosphorus intake only slightly affects serum minerals, urinary pyridinium crosslinks and renal function in young women

et al. 2001

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“…Then, as now, many believed that the phosphorus content of the American diet was increasing as a result of the growing availability of and preference for processed foods and the widespread use of phosphate additives by food processors (4)(5)(6). Recently, this interest has been rekindled, sparked by new knowledge about the tight endocrine regulation that maintains phosphorus balance and newly gained understanding of how this balance can be disrupted by acute or prolonged excessive intakes of phosphorus (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Health Impact of Phosphorus in the Food Supply: Issues and Considerations

Calvo

Moshfegh

Tucker

2014

Advances in Nutrition

156

106

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The Western dietary pattern of intake common to many Americans is high in fat, refined carbohydrates, sodium, and phosphorus, all of which are associated with processed food consumption and higher risk of life-threatening chronic diseases. In this review, we focus on the available information on current phosphorus intake with this Western dietary pattern, and new knowledge of how the disruption of phosphorus homeostasis can occur when intake of phosphorus far exceeds nutrient needs and calcium intake is limited. Elevation of extracellular phosphorus, even when phosphorus intake is seemingly modest, but excessive relative to need and calcium intake, may disrupt the endocrine regulation of phosphorus balance in healthy individuals, as it is known to do in renal disease. This elevation in serum phosphate, whether episodic or chronically sustained, may trigger the secretion of regulatory hormones, whose actions can damage tissue, leading to the development of cardiovascular disease, renal impairment, and bone loss. Therefore, we assessed the health impact of excess phosphorus intake in the context of specific issues that reflect changes over time in the U.S. food supply and patterns of intake. Important issues include food processing and food preferences, the need to evaluate phosphorus intake in relation to calcium intake and phosphorus bioavailability, the accuracy of various approaches used to assess phosphorus intake, and the difficulties encountered in evaluating the relations of phosphorus intake to chronic disease markers or incident disease. Adv. Nutr. 5: 104-113, 2014.

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“…It increases parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion (1,2), which causes an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) (3)(4)(5). Our previous study demonstrated that elevated PTH secretion from a high-P diet increases mRNA expression of the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL), a mediator of osteoclastic bone resorption, resulting in increased osteoclastic bone resorption (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism, Kidney Mineral Concentrations, and Kidney Function in Rats Fed a High-Phosphorus Diet

Katsumata

Matsuzaki

Uehara

et al. 2015

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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A high-phosphorus (P) diet has several effects on calcium (Ca) and P metabolism. It increases parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion (1, 2), which causes an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) (3-5). Our previous study demonstrated that elevated PTH secretion from a high-P diet increases mRNA expression of the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL), a mediator of osteoclastic bone resorption, resulting in increased osteoclastic bone resorption (4). Moreover, it is well known that a high dietary P concentration is an important etiologic factor in the development of nephrocalcinosis and diminished kidney function. A high-P diet is reportedly associated with increased kidney Ca and P concentrations and nephrocalcinosis development (6-8). and Van Camp et al. (9) reported that urinary albumin excretion, which is positively correlated with kidney Ca concentrations, is elevated in rats fed a high-P diet. Our previous studies also showed that renal tubular function is impaired in rats fed a high-P diet (10,11).Ca supplementation has beneficial effects on bone health, including enhanced bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD (12,13). Epidemiological studies have shown that a lower Ca/P intake ratio is associated with a decrease in BMD (14,15). Our previous study also showed that the dietary Ca/P ratio regulates bone mineralization and turnover in vitamin D receptor knockout mice (16). Therefore, dietary Ca supplementation might prevent bone loss induced by a high-P diet. In addition, we speculated that dietary Ca supplementation may have preventive effects on kidney damage, such as nephrocalcinosis, and impaired kidney function as well as bone loss due to a high-P diet. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the relationships between dietary Ca supplementation and bone loss as well as kidney damage with a high-P diet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Ca supplementation on bone metabolism, kidney mineral concentrations, and kidney function in rats fed a high-P diet. Materials and MethodsExperimental design. This study was approved by the Tokyo University of Agriculture Animal Use Committee and the rats were maintained in accordance with the university guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals. Four-week-old male Wistar strain rats were purchased from Clea Japan (Tokyo, Japan) and housed individually in stainless steel cages in a room maintained at 22˚C with a 12-h light-dark cycle. All rats were fed a control diet containing 0.3% P and 0.5% Ca for 7 d of acclimatization. After the acclimatization period, all rats were randomly divided into 4 dietary groups of 6 Summary We investigated the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) supplementation on bone metabolism, kidney mineral concentrations, and kidney function in rats fed a high-phosphorus (P) diet. Wistar strain rats were randomly divided into 4 dietary groups and fed their respective diets for 21 d: a diet containing 0.3% P and 0.5% Ca (C), a diet containing 1.5% P and 0.5% Ca (HP), a diet containing ...

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Physiological Responses of Human Adults to Foods Containing Phosphate Additives

Cited by 193 publications

References 10 publications

High phosphorus intake only slightly affects serum minerals, urinary pyridinium crosslinks and renal function in young women

High phosphorus intake only slightly affects serum minerals, urinary pyridinium crosslinks and renal function in young women

Assessing the Health Impact of Phosphorus in the Food Supply: Issues and Considerations

Effects of Dietary Calcium Supplementation on Bone Metabolism, Kidney Mineral Concentrations, and Kidney Function in Rats Fed a High-Phosphorus Diet

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