Physiology of Ectomycorrhiza (ECM)

Tarkka, Mika; Nehls, Uwe; Hampp, Rüdiger

doi:10.1007/3-540-27043-4_11

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…The extramatrical hyphae access and translocate otherwise unavailable nutrients and water to tree seedlings in exchange for host-derived carbohydrates (Nehls 2008;Tarkka et al 2005). Fertilization (particularly N) is known to decrease EMF abundance, diversity, and growth (Newton and Pigott 1991), perhaps by reducing carbon availability to the fungus by the host (Nehls et al 2010) or by increasing concentrations of phenolics or lignin in roots (Feughy et al 1999;Kleczewski et al 2010;Weiss et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Kleczewski

Herms

Bonello

2011

Trees

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In managed settings, seedlings are often fertilized with the objective of enhancing establishment, growth, and survival. However, responses of seedlings to fertilization can increase their susceptibility to abiotic stresses such as drought. Seedlings acclimate to variation in soil resources by reallocating carbon among different physiological processes and compartments, such as above versus belowground growth, secondary metabolism, and support of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). We examined the effects of nutrient and water availability on carbon allocation to above and belowground growth of river birch (Betula nigra), as well as partitioning among root sugars, starch, phenolics, lignin, and EMF abundance. As nutrient availability increased, total plant biomass and total leaf area increased, while percent root biomass decreased. Root sugars, total root phenolics and EMF abundance responded quadratically to nutrient availability, being lowest at intermediate fertility levels. Decreased water availability reduced total leaf area and root phenolics relative to well-watered controls. No interactions between nutrient and water availability treatments were detected, which may have been due to the moderate degree of drought stress imposed in the low water treatment. Our results indicate that nutrient and water availability significantly alter patterns of carbon allocation and partitioning in roots of Betula nigra seedlings. The potential effects of these responses on stress tolerance are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Kleczewski

Herms

Bonello

2011

Trees

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“…Soil bacteria can have profound effects on mycorrhizal establishment. The variety in microbial populations around the mycorrhizal roots of different fungal and plant partners and in different sections of the soil profile has also been assessed [78].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Dynamics in Mycorrhizal Colonization and Fine Root Features of the White Poplar (Populus alba L.) in Natural Temperate Riverside Forests with Two Contrasting Soils

Frymark-Szymkowiak,

Kulczyk-Skrzeszewska,

Tyburska-Woś

2023

Forests

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Fine roots are the most dynamic and physiologically active components of belowground tree organs. However, much remains unknown regarding the changes in fine root morphological characteristics during mycorrhizal colonization, especially in natural sites. The aim of this study was to analyze seasonal heterogeneity in fine roots and the mycorrhizal colonization of mature white poplar (Populus alba L.) trees under different soil conditions. Two floodplain forests were selected in Central Europe (Poland), which differed in soil moisture and structure. Fine roots were sampled during one growing season from the upper soil layer. Poplars were characterized by dual mycorrhizal colonization on one root system. It was, therefore, possible to investigate the contribution of two mycorrhizal types (arbuscular mycorrhiza—AM; and ectomycorrhiza—ECM) in response to different habitat conditions. The season was shown to be significant for all fine root features, as well as the degree of mycorrhizal colonization. Roots were better adapted to a drier habitat with a greater proportion of sand, mainly due to a reduction in the fine root diameter (FRD), while other root characteristics did not differ significantly. The degree of mycorrhizal colonization (RLC) and the proportion of arbuscular mycorrhizal structures (AM) were significantly and negatively correlated with the soil water content. A mutual competition between arbuscular mycorrhizas and ectomycorrhizas for poplar roots was also observed, particularly with respect to the season, site, and soil moisture. Changing environmental conditions (especially soil moisture) contribute not only to the morphological and functional changes of fine roots but also to changes in the proportion of arbuscular mycorrhiza and ectomycorrhiza. Understanding the mechanisms of adaptation of tree roots to changing environmental conditions is especially important in the context of climate change.

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“…Segundo Bâ et al (2010) o estabelecimento de muitas essências florestais exóticas somente é possível devido à associação das plantas com fungos ectomicorrízicos (fECM) capazes de proporcionar as condições necessárias para a manutenção das plantas no campo. Em virtude disso, a micorrização controlada apresenta-se como uma ferramenta fundamental, tornando possível o estabelecimento de mudas florestais em solos com condições de deficiência de nutrientes ou mesmo na presença de alguns poluentes (Pêra & Parladé, 2005;Tarkka et al, 2005;Hobbie, 2006;Brundrett, 2009;Mello et al, 2009;Alves et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influência do óleo essencial na micorrização e no crescimento de mudas de eucalipto

Steffen¹,

Antoniolli²,

Steffen³

et al. 2011

Pes. flor. bras.

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Physiology of Ectomycorrhiza (ECM)

Cited by 8 publications

References 131 publications

Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Seasonal Dynamics in Mycorrhizal Colonization and Fine Root Features of the White Poplar (Populus alba L.) in Natural Temperate Riverside Forests with Two Contrasting Soils

Influência do óleo essencial na micorrização e no crescimento de mudas de eucalipto

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