Physique, Fitness, and Performance

Battinelli, Thomas

doi:10.1201/9781420008784

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Bresolin et al (1998) have estimated this scale to be ∼40 pc in radius based on studies of spiral galaxies between 6 and 14 Mpc away, using HST ‐WFPC2 data, and a similar technique as the one applied here. The technique adopted for the above study was the prescription given in Battinelli (1991), namely, the construction of an MST broken using multiple values of D break . However, their approach to the problem was fundamentally different from ours, in that the multitple D break values (or in their terms ‘search radii’) were applied in order to determine a preferred D break , corresponding to the value which returned the largest number of groups.…”

Section: Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on minimum spanning trees (MSTs), which have already been extensively used to study star‐forming groups (e.g. Battinelli 1991; Bresolin et al 1998; Pietrzyński et al 2001), we have furthered the general technique, which avoids the pitfalls of choosing a characteristic size scale for the search. We choose the nearby spiral galaxy M33 as our first case study, presented here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hierarchical star formation in M33: fundamental properties of the star-forming regions

Bastian

Ercolano

Gieles

et al. 2007

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

104

108

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Star formation within galaxies appears on multiple scales, from spiral structure, to OB associations, to individual star clusters, and often substructure within these clusters. This multitude of scales calls for objective methods to find and classify star‐forming regions, regardless of spatial size. To this end, we present an analysis of star‐forming groups in the local group spiral galaxy M33, based on a new implementation of the minimum spanning tree method. Unlike previous studies which limited themselves to a single spatial scale, we study star‐forming structures from the effective resolution limit (∼20 pc) to kpc scales. Once the groups are identified, we study their properties, for example, size and luminosity distributions, and compare them with studies of young star clusters and giant molecular clouds (GMCs). We find evidence for a continuum of star‐forming group sizes, which extends into the star cluster spatial scale regime. We do not find a characteristic scale for OB associations, unlike that found in previous studies, and we suggest that the appearance of such a scale was caused by spatial resolution and selection effects. The luminosity function of the groups is found to be well represented by a power law with an index, −2, the same as has been found for the luminosity and mass functions (MFs) of young star clusters, as well as the MF of GMCs. Additionally, the groups follow a similar mass–radius relation as GMCs. The size distribution of the groups is best described by a lognormal distribution, the peak of which is controlled by the spatial scale probed and the minimum number of sources used to define a group. We show that within a hierarchical distribution, if a scale is selected to find structure, the resulting size distribution will have a lognormal distribution. We find an abrupt drop of the number of groups outside a galactic radius of ∼4 kpc (although individual high‐mass stars are found beyond this limit), suggesting a change in the structure of the star‐forming interstellar medium, possibly reflected in the lack of GMCs beyond this radius. Finally, we find that the spatial distribution of H ii regions, GMCs, and star‐forming groups are all highly correlated.

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Section: Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical star formation in M33: fundamental properties of the star-forming regions

Bastian

Ercolano

Gieles

et al. 2007

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

104

108

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“…18 Pada awal penelitian tidak didapatkan perbedaan antara anak yang aktif dan tidak aktif dalam hal tingkat kesegaran jasmani, kemungkinan karena faktor berat badan yang mempengaruhi tingkat kesegaran jasmani pada anak obesitas merupakan faktor yang dominan. 19 Rendahnya tingkat kesegaran jasmani pada anak dengan obesitas sering dikaitkan dengan pola hidup tak aktif, 19 dan keterbatasan fungsi fisik serta kapasitas kardiorespirasi. Olahraga yang teratur terbukti dapat meningkatkan kesegaran jasmani penderita dengan obesitas.…”

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Pengaruh Intervensi Diet dan Olah Raga Terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lemak Tubuh, dan Kesegaran Jasmani pada Anak Obes

Anam

Mexitalia

Widjanarko

et al. 2016

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“…It was also found that the average lean body weight of the male wrestlers under this investigation was 58.9 kg. Tanner (1964) has pointed out that without the required physique an athlete is unlikely to reach a high level of success [12]. In other words somatotype can reveal a lot about one"s capacity to succeed in particular sports.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Characteristics of Adolescent Male Wrestlers in Kerala

Madhavan¹

2013

IJPEFS

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OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the study was to evaluate the anthropometric and somatotype characteristics of adolescent male wrestlers in Kerala. METHODS: 32 male adolescent wrestlers were chosen for the investigation. Their mean age was 17.1 (+/-1.3) years, height 158.1 (+/-4.91) cm and weight 66.4 (+/-4.84) kg. Anthropometric measurements included triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdomen and calf skinfolds, biceps and calf circumferences and humerus and femur breadths. The body fat percentage was calculated using the formula prescribed by Faulkner. The somatotype of the subjects was calculated by the Health and Carter method. RESULTS: The wrestlers under this study have a body fat percentage of 12.7 (+/-1.15) % and mean Lean Body Mass (LBM) of 87.3 (+/-1.35) %. Their Total Weight of Fat was 8.03 (+/-1.01) kg and Lean Body Weight 58.9 (+/-3.41) kg. . Regarding the somatotype, they fell into the somatotype category of endomorphic mesomorphs with a value of 3.5-4.9-1.6. CONCLUSION: The higher value of mesomorphy indicates that they are capable of creating greater force on the opponents and that they are suitable for a power sport like wrestling. Moreover, shorter body stature results in lower level of center of gravity which in turn may facilitate greater stability during the competition.Key Words: Wrestling, adolescent, body mass, mesomorphy INTRODUCTIONPhysique can be characterized by the interactive sum of its parts, body structure, body size and body composition. Body composition, anthropometric dimensions, and morphological characteristics play a vital role in determining the success of a sportsperson. Proper evaluation of these parameters reflects the quantification of the body"s major structural components, which are required in different proportions for various games to achieve excellence [1].Somatotyping deals with the body type or physical classification of human body in which the terms endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy are used to describe a person in terms of his or her somatotype. The first component endomorphy is charectarised by roundness and softness of the body. It denotes fatness of the body. The second component mesomorphy is characterised by square body with hard rugged and prominent musculation. The bones are large and covered with thick muscles. The third component ectomorphy represents the leanness of the body. The limbs are relatively long and trunk short, the bones are small and the muscles thin [2]. Percent body fat (% fat) has been defined as the percentage of total weight that composed of fat [3,4]. Lean Body Mass (LBM) refers to all the body tissues like muscles, bones etc. excluding the stored deposit fat. That means LBM is the total body weight minus the weight of the stored fat [5].Studies on somatotype of athletes, elite athletes and Olympic athletes have generally shown that strength dependent athletes tended to be basically mesomorphic while distance dependant athletes were found to be more ectomorphic with limited amount of mesomorphic muscularity. In reference to the ...

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Physique, Fitness, and Performance

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Hierarchical star formation in M33: fundamental properties of the star-forming regions

Hierarchical star formation in M33: fundamental properties of the star-forming regions

Pengaruh Intervensi Diet dan Olah Raga Terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lemak Tubuh, dan Kesegaran Jasmani pada Anak Obes

Physical Characteristics of Adolescent Male Wrestlers in Kerala

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