Phytate: its chemistry, occurrence, food interactions, nutritional significance, and methods of analysis

Maga, Joseph A.

doi:10.1021/jf00109a001

Cited by 524 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), nutrient partitioning (particularly of N) to grain dry matter largely determines important quality parameters such as protein content. Although high grain P concentration may be undesirable because of potential adverse effects on human health (Maga 1982;House and Welch 1984), a minimum amount of P in the grain is needed for nutritional reasons (Manske et al 2002). There is an abundance of literature attesting to the importance of organic amendments as crop nutrient sources (e.g., Ma et al 1999;MacLeod et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

Zvomuya¹,

Larney²,

Akinremi³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 859-869. Sustained plant nutrient availability on reclaimed wellsites is critical to the successful restoration of crop productivity. This study evaluated topsoil replacement depth (TRD) (0, 50, 100, and 150% of mandatory TRD) and organic amendment [beef cattle feedlot manure, compost derived from straw-bedded cattle feedlot manure, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay, and unamended control] effects on nutrient uptake by a wheat crop at three abandoned gas wellsites in south-central Alberta. Grain N uptake increased by 0.055 kg ha -1 for each percent increase in TRD, reflecting the corresponding linear increase in grain N concentration. Low carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio amendments, particularly compost and alfalfa, were the most effective for improving grain N concentration and uptake. Conversely, N concentration and uptake were lowest for the high C:N (53:1) wheat straw amendment. Reclamation programs should, therefore, consider incorporation of the low C:N alfalfa or compost in order to safeguard against N deficiency in the first 1-2 yr following reclamation. Our results also show that high P amendments, such as manure and compost, are better choices for improving P uptake by spring wheat. These results emphasize the importance of topsoil replacement and amendment quality (C:N ratio and P concentration) in ensuring adequate N and P supply in the 1-2 yr following reclamation. Based on this, compost appears to be the best single amendment for ensuring enhanced uptake of both N and P on reclaimed wellsites in the short term.

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confidence: 99%

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

Zvomuya¹,

Larney²,

Akinremi³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Mots cl6s: Porcs, cannulation, phytase, digestion' pH Phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate) is a complex naturally occurring compound in plant seeds and is known to bind intrinsic minerals, making them totally or partially unavailable for absorption by non-ruminants (Maga 1982;Harland and Oberleas 1986;Han 1989). About t'wo-thirds of the phosphorus (P) in cereal grains is in the form of phytates, and variable bioavailability of phytate-phosphorous is reported (Pointillart et al 1987).…”

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The effect of microbial phytase in diets for pigs on apparent ileal and faecal digestibility, pH and flow of digesta measurements in growing pigs fed a high-fibre diet

Bruce¹,

Sundstøl²

1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…A distribuição de fitase é ampla em vegetais, tecidos animais e em numerosos tipos de microrganismos (Maga, 1982;Reddy et al, 1982). Segundo Houde et al (1990), a função fisiológica da fitase em sementes provavelmente está relacionada com a liberação do fósforo inorgânico a partir do fitato, e a maior proporção do fósforo inorgânico hidrolisado é incorporada aos ácidos nucléicos.…”

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“…O ácido fítico é a principal forma de armazenamento de P em sementes e pólen (Reddy et al, 1982). Em virtude da habilidade de formar complexos insolúveis com importantes minerais como Ca, Zn e Mg e também com proteínas, o ácido fítico é considerado um constituinte antinutricional, que reduz a biodisponibilidade desses minerais (Maga, 1982). Assim, o uso da fitase seria uma alternativa para aumentar o valor nutricional de muitos alimentos vegetais (Segueilha et al, 1992).…”

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Caracterização parcial e utilização da fitase extraída de sementes germinadas de girassol

Agostini

Ida

2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi ativar, extrair e caracterizar parcialmente a fitase em sementes germinadas de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.), híbrido M734, e avaliar o efeito da fitase no farelo de girassol. Sementes foram colocadas para germinar por oito dias em câmara a 25°C. A fitase foi extraída com CaCl 2 2%, depois do quinto dia de germinação, e fracionada com (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 até 80% de saturação. O extrato bruto foi caracterizado parcialmente e aplicado em farelo de girassol desengordurado para avaliar a hidrólise do fitato. Com a germinação, houve aumento na atividade da fitase e redução no teor de fitato. A maior atividade da fitase foi observada do quinto ao oitavo dia de germinação. A fitase das sementes germinadas aos cinco dias apresentou atividade ótima em pH de 5,2 e temperatura de 55ºC. A enzima se manteve estável, quando pré-aquecida por 10 minutos a 50ºC, com V máx de 1,87 U g -1 de amostra e K m de 0,29 mM, indicando alta especificidade pelo fitato. Quando aplicada no farelo de girassol desengordurado, depois de oito horas de incubação, a fitase hidrolisou 92% do fitato. A germinação de sementes de girassol estimula a atividade da fitase, o que facilita sua extração para a produção de alimentos livres de fitatos.Termos para indexação: Helianthus annuus, girassol híbrido, hidrólise de fitato. Partially characterization and application of phytase extracted from germinated sunflower seedsAbstract -The objective of this work was to activate, extract and partially characterize the phytase in hybrid sunflower M734 (Hellianthus annuus). The enzyme was extracted from seeds germinated for eight days, with CaCl 2 2%, fractionated with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 up to 80% saturation. The obtained crude extract was partially characterized and applied over defatted sunflower flour in order to evaluate the phytate hydrolysis. In germination, there was an increase in the phytase activity and a reduction of phytate content. The highest enzyme activity was observed from the 5 th to the 8 th day of germination. The phytase extracted from sunflower seeds at the 5 th day of germination presented optimum activity at pH 5.2 and temperature at 55ºC. The phytase was heat stable at 50ºC for 10 minutes, and presented V max of 1.87 U g -1 of substract and K m of 0.29 mM, indicating high specificity to phytate. When applied over defatted sunflower flour, after eight hours of incubation the phytase hydrolyzed 92% of phytate. Sunflower seeds germination stimulates phytase activity, making easy the extraction process, in the production of phytate-free feed products.Index terms: Helianthus annuus, sunflower hibrid, phytate hydrolysis. IntroduçãoAs fosfatases são enzimas amplamente distribuídas na natureza que hidrolisam ésteres fosfatos. A fitase, ou mioinositol-hexafosfato fosfohidrolase, é uma fosfatase fitatoespecífica que catalisa a hidrólise do ácido fítico, ou mioinositol hexafosfato, formando inositol e fosfatos. O ácido fítico é a principal forma de armazenamento de P em sementes e pólen (Reddy et al., 1982). Em virtude d...

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Phytate: its chemistry, occurrence, food interactions, nutritional significance, and methods of analysis

Cited by 524 publications

References 62 publications

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

The effect of microbial phytase in diets for pigs on apparent ileal and faecal digestibility, pH and flow of digesta measurements in growing pigs fed a high-fibre diet

Caracterização parcial e utilização da fitase extraída de sementes germinadas de girassol

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