Phytochemical Analysis and Acute Toxicological Study of Erythrina senegalensis Ethanolic Leaf Extract in Albino Wistar Rats

Abstract

Objective: Erythrina senegalensis is used to cure wide range of illnesses such as malaria, gastrointestinal disorders, fever, dizziness, asthma. Given its widespread usage, the study sought to investigate the phytochemical analysis and acute oral toxicity (LD50) of E. senegalensis. Materials and methods:Fresh mature leaf samples of E. senegalensis were collected and phytochemical analysis was carried out appropriately. The acute toxicity study of the leaf extract was determined using modified Lorke's method. Thirteen adult Wistar rats of both sexes were acclimatized, nine of which were used for the first phase of treatment, and the other four were used for the second phase of acute toxicity testing, while being closely monitored for mortality.Results: Alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids, were found in moderate quantities; tannins and terpenoids were found in trace amounts, while cardiac glycosides and steroids were not found. The acute oral toxicity of E. senegalensis was greater than 5000 mg/kg of the experimental rats (LD50>5000 mg/kg).Conclusion: E. senegalensis possesses many useful phytoconstituents that contribute to the potency of leaf extract and which made it useful in treatment of many diseases, and that E. senegalensis ethanolic leaf extract has low toxicity in rats, especially when administered orally.

Methanol extract of Erythrina senegalensis leaves (MEES) ameliorates Plasmodium berghei-ANKA 65-parasitised aberrations in mice

“…Flavonoids and phenols were present in high quantities while glycosides were not detected. This is consistent with the report of Nnama et al (2017), and Osuntokun et al (2016), who reported that the leaf extract of E. senegalensis contains phytochemicals such as saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides and alkaloids. Alkaloids have been shown to have many pharmacological activities including; antihypertensive effects (indole alkaloid), antiarrhythmic effect, antimalarial activity (quinine), anticancer activity (Togola et al 2008;Mamta et al 2013) and wound healing property (Ilodigwe 2014).…”

Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Erythrina Variegata Leaf, Stem and Root Extracts

“…The phytoconstituents like alkaloids and glycosides in leaf extract of E. variegata were found to be in more concentration in butanol followed by chloroform extract and whereas the other phytoconstituents like flavonoids and phenols were found to be more in butanolic extract (Figure 1 and Table 7). Similarly phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of E. senegalensis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids in moderate quantities [NNAMA & al. 2017].…”

Perfil bioquímico hepático en cuyes alimentados con la inclusión de harina de pisonay (Erythrina edulis)

“…El consumo de forraje fresco de pisonay después de 21 días, en proporciones por encima del 50% originarían la presencia de anomalías en el hígado e incrementaron las enzimas alanina (61.9 UI/L) y aspartato (76.3 UI/L) aminotransferasas, por la presencia de taninos y alcaloides en las hojas, indicaría probable toxicidad (6), en otros estudios, se ha observado que en las hojas de Erythrina senegalensis mostraron la presencia de saponinas y flavonoides, además de terpenoides, que no causarían toxicidad aguda en roedores (7), por otro lado, el extracto de Erythrina variegata en ratas Wistar, provocaron cambios leves en la proteína total, albumina, bilirrubina total y aspartato aminotransferasa sin alejarse de los rangos normales, a excepción de los niveles de alanina aminotransferasa, estas variaciones indicarían que el daño fue reversible a nivel hepático y no causaría toxicidad subcronica (8).…”