Phytochemical and antiacne investigation of Indonesian White Turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) Rhizomes

Abstract

White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is one of plant species belongs to Zingiberaceae from Himalaya, India. Previous research showed that the rhizomes of this plant contained several secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, phenolic, and terpenoid which commonly known to have antibacterial activities. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical of white turmeric rhizomes growth in Indonesia and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis as acne-causing bacteria. In this study, secondary metabolites from Indonesian white turmeric rhizomes were successfully extracted in methanol and partitioned in polarity increasement of several organic solvents. Furthermore, crude and all partitioned extracts were subjected to phytochemical investigation. The ability of crude and ethyl acetate extracts to inhibit the growth of P. acnes and S. epidermidis were evaluated using disk diffusion method. According to the antibacterial activity results, all of samples did not exhibit antibacterial activity against both acne-causing bacteria. The results of this study will provide a useful information regarding the phytochemical and antiacne investigation of Indonesian white turmeric rhizomes.

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the rhizome extract of Curcuma zedoaria extracted using some organic solvents

“…A different result by Setyani et al [ 10 ] reported that the crude extract of C. zedoaria rhizome consists of such compounds as alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins. The crude extract of three organic solvents with different polarities yields different compounds.…”

“…Several reports of previous studies produced diverse extracts. Setyani et al [ 10 ], for instance, obtained 73.68 gm (3.684%) of crude extract in the form of blackish brown gummy from 2 kg of white turmeric rhizome that was extracted by maceration using MeOH for 3 days. The MeOH was immersed for at least 3 days, accompanied by frequent stirring to soften, destroy plant cell walls, and release compounds.…”

“…The MeOH was immersed for at least 3 days, accompanied by frequent stirring to soften, destroy plant cell walls, and release compounds. In addition, Setyani et al [ 10 ] revealed that from as much as 65 gm of crude extract of white turmeric partitioned respectively using n-hexane, EtOAc, and MeOH, only 30.59 gm (47.06%) of EtOAc, 7.17 gm (11.03%) of n-hexane extract, and 4.31 gm (6.63%) of MeOH were produced. The compounds of C. zedoaria rhizome are classified as semipolar compounds.…”

“…The rhizome of C. zedoaria was found to have more than 10 sesquiterpenes, including curcumin, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, β-turmerone, β-Endemol, zingiberene, dihydro curcumin, furanodiene, α-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole, β-elements, and germacrone [ 9 ]. Setyani et al [ 10 ] discovered that the crude extract of C. zedoaria rhizome contains compounds of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins depending on the polarity of the organic solvent used in partitioning or fractionating its crude extract. Almost all species of C. zedoaria contain active compounds that have antioxidant activities and pharmacological effects, are prospective for clinical use in the future [ 11 ], and have antibacterial activity [ 12 ].…”