Phytochemical, antifungal and antibacterial potential of Leptadenia hastata stem-bark extract

Abstract

Objectives: The Plant of genus Leptadenia belongs to family of Asclepiadaceae and have been widely employed for controlling various disease. Objective of the present study was to do preliminary phytochemical screening, Antifungal and Antibacterial potential of Hexane stem bark extract of Leptadenia hastata.Methods: hastata extracts were evaluated for potential antifungal and antimicrobial properties. The stem-bark of the plant were extracted with five solvent of various polarity and then vaporized to give respective extracts. Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, salmonella typhi staphylococcus aureus and Klebsielia pneumonia (Bacteria) and Aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium (fungi) was determined by an agar well diffusion method. The optical density of the broth using UV mini spectrophotometer and zone of inhibition by the crude extract were determined. Results:The results showed qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract thus, confirms the presence of various phytochemicals like sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, tannins, Proanthocyanidins and glycosides in its n-hexane extract. Whereas saponins was found to be absent. The extract at different concentration, showed higher significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger at 25ppm 50ppm 100ppm and 500pmm with an inhibition rate of 3.22±0.04ad, 3.47±0.05ad, 3.55±0.05ad, 3.00±0.09ad (Aspergillus Flavus) and 3.08±0.04a, 3.27±0.05a, 3.32±0.08ab, 2.82±0.08a (Aspergillus niger) respectively at day five over the other pathogens. Conclusion:Qualitative phytochemical screening analysis of this plant confirms the presence of various phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, sterols, carbohydrates, Proanthocyanidins and glycosides in its hexane extract which gave the plant extracts its potential against various disease. This study draws attention to the need for further studies of the active secondary metabolites identified in the reported species for the treatment of many diseases, also to understand their mechanism of action in controlling various dreadful diseases

Medicinal potential of Leptadenia hastata: A Review

“…The extract showed higher significant antifungal activity Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus at different concentration over the other pathogens (Isaac et al, 2018). The plant has been widely employed for controlling various disease like antifungal, antibacterial/antimicrobial among others (Isaac et al, 2018), the L. hastata extracts were evaluated for potential antifungal and antimicrobial properties, as the stem-bark was extracted with five solvents of various polarity for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Bacteria) and Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium (Fungi).…”

“…The report of Steve et al, (2012) shows that L. hastata extracts contain alkaloids, saponins, phenolic glycosides, tannins, flavanoids, proanthocyanidines and triterpenes (Steve et al, 2012). Research of Fasihuddin et al, (2018) showed that qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of various phytochemicals like sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavanoids, phenols, carbohydrates, tannins, proanthocyanidins and glycosides in the n-hexane extract, whereas saponins was found to be absent (Fasihuddin et al, 2018).…”

“…Established plants are tolerant to drought according to American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development (AJDDD. ;2018). It is useful tropical plant and an African plant, found evenly distributed in both Kano and Jigawa States, Nigeria, which is used as nutriment as well as for medical purposes due to its health promoting properties (Bayala et al, 2012).…”

https://researchopenworld.com/biosynthesis-of-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles-using-leptadenia-hastata-leaf-extracts-and-their-potential-as-antimicrobial-agents/#

“…The Leptadenia hastata zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle from Leptadenia hastata leaf water extract was tested by disc diffusion method on nutrient agar medium as described by [9]. The extract exactly 5mg was dissolved homogeneity in 5mL of methanol giving a stock solution of 1000 μg/mL.…”

Phytochemical screening and in-vitro activities of dichloromethane leaf extract of leptadenia hastata (pers.) decne against pathogens

“…The crude extract of Leptadenia hastata was used in the antibacterial studies to ascertain the activity of the extract. The plant extract was tested using agar disc method as reported by Isaac et al, 12 5mg of the extract was collect and dissolved homogeneity in 5ml of methanol (1000 μg/mL stock) as well as lower concentration of 25, 50,100, 250, 500 and 1000ppm were prepared as the test concentration.…”