Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antiplasmodial Investigations of Terminalia brownii

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of stem bark extract of an African medicinal plant Terminalia brownii led to the isolation of a new oleanane-type triterpenoid, along with seven known triterpenoids, seven ellagic acid derivatives, and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol. The new compound was identified using spectroscopic methods, notably 1D- and 2D NMR, as 3β,24-O-ethylidenyl-2α,19α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antiplasmodial activities. Two compounds with a galloyl group (4 and 6) were found to be active against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and chloroquine resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, whereas three ellagic acid derivatives (5–7) were found active against three species of fungi and one species of bacteria.

Acacia seyal and Terminalia brownii associated airborne contact dermatitis (Dukhan dermatitis)

“…11 Previous studies on the plant reported the antimicrobial activity of its extracts and fractions. [10][11][12] Terminalia brownii is one of the most In our study, the primary complaint of patients was intense pruritus on the legs. Some of the patients had lichenification of the skin with lichen simplex chronicus lesions on their legs as a result of excessive scratching.…”

“…In addition, Terminalia brownii has been found to have antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective properties . Previous studies on the plant reported the antimicrobial activity of its extracts and fractions . Terminalia brownii is one of the most important plants in treatment of tick‐borne diseases and is known to have antibacterial activity aganist Porphyromonas gingivalis …”

“…1 Terminalia brownii is used traditionally as a remedy for various conditions such as malaria, yellow fever, diarrhea, ulcers, cough, hepatitis, stomach ache, and sexually transmitted diseases. [8][9][10] In addition, Terminalia brownii has been found to have antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective properties. 11 Previous studies on the plant reported the antimicrobial activity of its extracts and fractions.…”

“…Terminalia brownii is known with its antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and the use of smoke from Acacia seyal is associated with an increased risk of visceral leishmaniasis (phlebotomus make peak activities in thickets of Acacia seyal). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]…”

Compounds from Terminalli brownii Extracts with Toxicity against the Fish Pathogenic Bacterium Flavobacterium columnare

“…In our study, the antibacterial activity of the 5% water-methanol crude extract of T. brownii against F. columnare was attributed to the two isolated compounds 1 and 2 present in the extract. A previous study [9] investigating antimicrobial activities of stem bark extracts of T. brownii also isolated and identified 2 as possessing antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with an IC 50 of 8.8 µg/mL and thereby indicating greater susceptibility to 2 than F. columnare, with a 24 h IC 50 = 31±1 µg/mL (Table 3). Before conducting efficacy/challenge studies, further evaluation of the potential toxicity of the active compounds towards non-target organisms (e.g., channel catfish) will need to be determined.…”