Phytochemical Composition and<i>in Vitro</i>Analysis of Nopal (<i>O. Ficus-Indica</i>) Cladodes at Different Stages of Maturity

Figueroa-Pérez, Marely G.; Pérez‐Ramírez, Iza F.; Paredes‐López, Octavio; Mondragón-Jacobo, C.; Reynoso‐Camacho, Rosalía

doi:10.1080/10942912.2016.1206126

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…These findings are in accordance with previous reports stating that osteon morphology has an important influence on facture resistance of cortical bone [ 39 ]. Recently, polyphenols and flavonoids were found in O. ficus indica cladodes, the content of these phytochemicals modifies at different ages [ 40 ]. Regarding this, polyphenols protect bone health through modulation of osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and osteoimmunological action [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Mineral Density, Mechanical, Microstructural Properties and Mineral Content of the Femur in Growing Rats Fed with Cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) Cladodes as Calcium Source in Diet

et al. 2017

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Mechanical, microstructural properties, mineral content and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur were evaluated in growing rats fed with Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) cladodes at different maturity stages as calcium source. Male weanling rats were fed with cladodes at early maturity stage (25 and 60 days of age, belonging to groups N-60 and N-200, respectively) and cladodes at late maturity stage (100 and 135 days of age, belonging to groups N-400 and N-600, respectively) for 6 weeks. Additionally, a control group fed with calcium carbonate as calcium source was included for comparative purposes. All diets were fitted to the same calcium content (5 g/kg diet). The failure load of femurs was significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) in groups N-60 and N-200 in comparison to N-400, N-600 and control groups. The cortical width (Ct.Wi) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the femurs in control and N-600 groups were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than Ct.Wi and Tb.Th of femurs in groups N-60 and N-200. Trabecular separation of the femurs in N-60 and N-200 groups showed the highest values compared with all experimental groups. The highest calcium content in the femurs were observed in control, N-600 and N-400 groups; whereas the lowest phosphorus content in the bones were detected in N-200, N-600 and N-400 groups. Finally, the BMD in all experimental groups increased with age; nevertheless, the highest values were observed in N-600 and control groups during pubertal and adolescence stages. The results derived from this research demonstrate, for the first time, that the calcium found in Opuntia ficus indica cladodes is actually bioavailable and capable of improving mineral density and mechanical and microstructural properties of the bones. These findings suggest that the consumption of cladodes at late maturity stage within the diet might have a beneficial impact on bone health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Mineral Density, Mechanical, Microstructural Properties and Mineral Content of the Femur in Growing Rats Fed with Cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) Cladodes as Calcium Source in Diet

et al. 2017

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“…Karimi et al (2013) observaron contenidos tres veces menores de CFT cuando compararon alfalfa con LL. Además, los contenidos de CFT en los cladodios de OFI dependen de la madurez de la planta; mismos que se reportaron en valores cercanos a 33 mg/g de MS (Figueroa-Pérez et al 2016). De manera similar, los contenidos de TC son diferentes entre los tratamientos experimentales (P<0.05); cuando se incluyó LL a T2; el contenido de TC se incrementó cerca de 20 mgEC/g MS. Estos resultados concuerdan con los reportados por Berard et al (2011).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Leucaena leucocephala y Opuntia ficus-indica reducen la producción de metano in vitro

2020

Abanico Vet.

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RESUMENEl objetivo fue evaluar la inclusión de Leucaena leucocephala (LL) y Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) fresco y fermentado como sustituto del heno de alfalfa (HA) en la fracción forrajera sobre los patrones de fermentación, cinética de producción de gas y metano in vitro. Cuatro tratamientos (T1: 50% HA; T2: 30% LL y 20% HA; T3: 30% OFI y 20% HA; T4: 30% OFI fermentado y 20% HA) fueron formulados como dietas para bovinos. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales y taninos condensados se incrementaron más de 400% con T2 (P<0.05); los taninos condensados aumentaron 45% cuando se incluyó OFI fermentado en T4. La concentración de nitrógeno amoniacal, ácidos grasos volátiles, producción de gas y la relación acetato:propionato fueron diferentes entre tratamientos (P<0.05). La máxima producción de gas se observó cuando se añadió LL a la ración (P<0.05); no se observaron cambios entre T1, T2 y T3 (P>0.05). Además, la fase lag disminuyó con T2 (P<0.05). Adicionalmente, la producción de metano fue diferente entre tratamientos (P<0.05); se observaron reducciones del 26% cuando se incluyó LL, y del 14% con OFI. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, LL y el OFI son ingredientes que pudiesen incluirse en la dieta de bovinos y así, contribuir a la mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero.

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“…To characterize the contents of the phenolic compounds of OFIEOH extract, the sample was analyzed by LC-MS-ESI. Polyphenolic compounds were identified by comparing the resultant data with the available data [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The LC-MS-ESI profile of the OFIEOH extract ( Figure 1 ) presented 30 peaks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tri-glycosylated quercetin (such as quercetin-3-neohesperidoside-7-rhamnoside) (with two deoxyhexose and one hexose) (peaks 20 and 21, m / z 755) and di-glycosylated quercetin (such as rutin), with one deoxyhexose and one hexose (peak 22, m / z 609), were also identified. Peaks 24 and 25, with m / z 623, were identified as di-glycosylated methyl quercetin, with one deoxyhexose and one hexose as the sugar moieties [ 27 , 28 ]. In relation to kaempferol derivatives, we identified kaempferide ( m / z 299, peak 29) and mono-glycosylated kaempferol with a hexose as the sugar component ( m / z 447, peak 4) [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Characterization of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Hydroalcoholic Extract and Its Efficiency against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep

Santos

Campestrini

Vieira

et al. 2018

Veterinary Sciences

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Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. is a xerophylous plant that originated in tropical and subtropical America. This plant is popularly known in Brazil as “palma forrageira” (cactus pear) and plays a fundamental role in animal nutrition, mainly in the Northeastern semi-arid region of the country. The plant has several uses since it presents bioactive compounds that confer biological and pharmacological properties. In this context, the cactus pear can also be considered a potential product to combat parasite infections. The objective of this study was to chemically characterize the O. ficus-indica hydroalcoholic extract (OFIEOH) and to determine its efficacy against gastrointestinal parasites using in vitro tests. Initially, the hydroalcoholic extract from cladode peels of O. ficus-indica was produced by maceration for 21 days. For the chemical characterization, colorimetric dosages were performed for carbohydrates, proteins, phenols and condensed tannins. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry/electron spray ionization (LC-MS/ESI) was used to characterize the polyphenolic profile of the OFIEOH extract. Fifteen compounds were identified in the OFIEOH extract, such as methyl, glycosylated and aglycone quercetin derivatives and aglycone and glycosylated kaempferol derivatives. Tri-glycosylated methyl quercetin derivatives were the main compounds identified. In vitro egg hatch (EHT) and larval migration tests (LMT) were used in a range of concentrations of OFIEOH from 12.5 to 100 mg/mL for EHT and 12.5 to 200 mg/mL for LMT. In addition, the LMT was used to test ivermectin (IVM) (from 11.4 to 57.1 µM), associated with the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) for OFIEOH. The combination of OFIEOH (12.5 to 200 mg/mL) plus the IC50 of IVM was also tested. The efficacy of OFIEOH alone varied from 19.33 to 90.0% using the EHT. The LMT revealed an efficacy of 5.78 to 77.26% for the extract. Both tests showed a concentration-dependence inhibitory effect. We found a drug-extract antagonistic neutralizing effect when doses of IVM were added to OFIEOH (maximum efficacy of 73.78%), while a positive additive effect was observed when OFIEOH was added to the IC50 of IVM (IC50 of 82.79 for OFIEOH alone against an IC50 of 55.08 of OFIEOH + IVM). The data from this work indicate that OFIEOH alone may be considered as a suitable ecofriendly product to control gastrointestinal parasites of sheep, offering a more holistic approach to improve animal farming and welfare. The drug-extract interaction is also a promising therapeutic alternative, reducing the final dose to the host, with an optimum combination effect.

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Phytochemical Composition andin VitroAnalysis of Nopal (O. Ficus-Indica) Cladodes at Different Stages of Maturity

Cited by 50 publications

References 48 publications

Bone Mineral Density, Mechanical, Microstructural Properties and Mineral Content of the Femur in Growing Rats Fed with Cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) Cladodes as Calcium Source in Diet

Bone Mineral Density, Mechanical, Microstructural Properties and Mineral Content of the Femur in Growing Rats Fed with Cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) Cladodes as Calcium Source in Diet

Leucaena leucocephala y Opuntia ficus-indica reducen la producción de metano in vitro

Chemical Characterization of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Hydroalcoholic Extract and Its Efficiency against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep

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