Phytochemical evaluation and GC-MS analysis of <i>Hyptis verticillata</i> cultivated in Calabar Cross River State, Nigeria

Abstract

Hyptis verticillata is a medicinal plant reported to possess strong antioxidant activity growing in the American continent with no evidence of its cultivation in Nigeria. The present study was designed to investigate the phytocompounds present in n-hexane extract of the leaves of H. verticillata cultivated in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The phytochemicals found in relatively high amounts were flavonoids (19.67±1.53%), phenols (13.20±0.40 mg/g) and saponins (7.17±1.04%). Others including phytates (0.42±0.76 mg/g), cyanogenic glycosides (3.80±0.20%) and oxalates (2.01±0.09%) were present in low concentrations. The GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis of the extract revealed fifteen bio-active compounds, mainly hydrocarbons, fatty acid esters and alcohols. The most predominant compounds were, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 2,3-bis(acetyloxy) propyl ester (18.17%), 5-cholestene-3-ol, 24-methyl-(17.48%), 1-iodo-2-methylnonane (10.89%), glycerol 1,2-dipalmitate (8.19%), 1-pentadecene (5.18%), 1-hexadecene (4.80%) and methyl-14-methylpentadecanoate (4.76%). The chemical profile of H. verticillata grown in Nigeria is akin to that in the West, hence may serve for similar aromatic and medicinal purposes.

Evaluation of Phytocompounds and Chemical Elements Present In Selected Species of Seaweeds, to Sustain Future Quantitative Analysis for Bioactive Compounds

“…On the other hand, some compounds were detected in only one species of seaweed in this study, which include Cetene (J. adhaerens), Desmosterol (D. suhrii) and Oleic acid (P. africanum). From these three compounds, Cetene (also known as 1-Hexadecene) was intensively reported in extract of plants such as Citrus limon 33 , Gleichenia pectinata 34 and Hyptis verticillata 35 . Kebelmann et al 36 reported that Cetene where detected only in three species of polar seaweeds (Monostroma arcticum, Sphacelaria plumose and Kallymenia antarctica), out of thirteen species evaluated.…”

Antimicrobial potential of selected arid and semi-arid plants against urinary tract infection causing pathogens through GC-MS and FTIR analysis

“…3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4hydroxybenzene propanoic acid (11.27%) methyl ester is a unique compound that was detected a retention time antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties (Mujtaba et al, 2020). Hexadecane (10.91%) is a hydrocarbon that possesses, antioxidant, antifungal & antimicrobial activities (Egbung et al, 2017). Tribullus terrestris plant extract could be an effective solution to combat establishment of UTI infections.…”

Phytochemistry and Anticancer Effects of Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata Lam.) Leaves and Stems Extract against Different Cancer Cell Lines

“…A fatty acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, has been previously reported to have anticancer and antimicrobial effects [ 36 , 37 ]. Although the anticancer effects of the other two identified fatty acids, cyclopropanetetradecanoic acid, 2-octyl-, methyl ester and methyl 14 methylpentadecanoate, have not been evaluated, their antimicrobial effects have been previously reported [ 29 , 30 ]. Desulphosinigrin is a glucosinolate that has also been reported to have anticancer and antimicrobial effects [ 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”