Phytochemical study and cytotoxicity evaluation of Colchicum stevenii Kunth (Colchicaceae): A Jordanian meadow saffron

Abstract

Isolation, characterization, and biological evaluation of active components of Colchicum stevenii Kunth (Colchicaceae) are described. Colchicum stevenii is an unexplored Jordanian specie with toxic reputation. Directed by brine shrimp lethality test (BST), methanolic extraction, liquid-liquid partition, preparative TLC, and semi-preparative HPLC, it resulted in the isolation of six cytotoxic compounds. The compounds, reported for the first time from this specie, are: (-)-colchicine (1), 2-demethyl-(-)-colchicine (2), (-)-cornigerine (3), beta-lumicolchicine (4), (-)-isoandrocymbine (5) and (-)-O-methylandrocymbine (6). A new, in-house developed, acidic-based reverse-phase gradient semi-preparative HPLC method for the separation of colchisides is presented here. Structural elucidation was based on spectroscopic techniques principally; 1H-NMR and low resolution EIMS. Based on BST results, reported as LC50 values in microg mL(-1) (ppm) with 95% confidence intervals, (-)-colchicine (2.5 ppm) and (-)-cornigerine (2.7 ppm) were the most potent.

The analysis of phenolic compounds in daylily using UHPLC-HRMSnand evaluation of drying processing method by fingerprinting and metabolomic approaches

“…Several reports say that the ingestion of fresh daylily flowers may incur diarrhea by humans (Chen & Dong, ; Fu & Mao, 2006; Poppenga, ) and animals (Fitzgerald, ; Slater & Gwaltney‐Brant, ). It was believed the “colchicine” in daylily caused that symptom, however, colchicine is a toxic alkaloid that was originally extracted from plants of genus colchicum (Alali et al, ; Al‐Mahmoud, Alali, Tawaha, & Qasaymeh, ; Gasic & Popovic, ; Gasic, Popovic, & Igric, ). This compound ionizes easily detected in the positive ionization mode and gave a protonated ion [M + H] + at 400.1755 (C 22 H 26 ).…”

Phytochemical Profiles, Physicochemical Analysis, and Biological Activity of Three Colchicum Species

“…These plant species usually have many compounds, especially tropolone alkaloids, phenolic and tannin compounds, and flavonoids. For this reason, these compounds were evaluated as the main phytoconstituents (4,13).…”

Reviewing Colchicaceae Alkaloids – Perspectives of Evolution on Medicinal Chemistry

“…Besides colchicine- and lumicolchicine-type alkaloids Iphigenieae also contain homoaporphine and homomorphine alkaloids [101, 137, 138, 139], while only colchicine- and lumicolchicine-type alkaloids have been reported from the few species investigated from the tribe Anguillarieae [44, 132]. The most species-rich tribe is Colchiceae, which also contains Colchicum and Gloriosa the two most studied genera, and it is reported to contain all structural types present in Colchicaceae except for homoerythrinan alkaloids [97, 101, 108, 109, 111, 117, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156]. …”