The analysis of phenolic compounds in daylily using UHPLC-HRMSⁿand evaluation of drying processing method by fingerprinting and metabolomic approaches

Abstract

The flowers of daylily (Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.) are called "Jinzhen" which are commonly used as vegetables or seasoning in East Asia. In this study, we evaluated the chemical profile changes with different processing method after harvest. Five different drying methods including solar drying, vacuum freeze drying, steam drying, and hot air drying method were investigated regarding their impact on the chemical constituents in daylily. The major phenolic compounds were tentatively characterized with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometric with multistage fragmentation techniques (UHPLC-HRMS n ). The UHPLC-UV fingerprinting and UHPLC-HRMS n -based metabolomic approaches were used for identifying the difference between different processing methods. The quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acids are obviously higher in freeze-dried and steam-dried samples. Colchicine was believed to be one of the toxic constituents found in daylily fresh flowers; however, no colchicine was found in any the daylily samples investigated. Practical applicationsThe drying process is particularly important for handling and distribution of daylily flowers after harvest and it can also prolong the shelf life. However, the drying process may result in degradation of nutrients and quality loss in food. Steamed sunlight dried or hot air drying methods preserve most of the phenolic composition of fresh daylily samples. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenolic compounds in daylily using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometric with multistage fragmentation techniques and to evaluate the drying processing method by fingerprinting and metabolomic approaches.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis on Flavonoid Distribution in Different Floral Parts of 42 Hemerocallis Accessions

“…Peak 4 was characterized as quercetin 3-arabinoside (Qu3ar) because it had fragments at m/z 433.08 ([M-H] − ) and 271 ([Y0] − ), indicating the loss of an arabinoside (150 Da) (Chen et al, 2010). A similar finding was previously reported in the daylily accession 'Baihua' (Sun et al, 2018).…”

“…Based on these principles, peak 8 was indicated as quercetin 7-glucoside (Qu7g) with λ max spectrum (band I) at ). As widely distributed flavonols in many plants (Li et al, 2009;Sarangowa et al, 2014), Qu7g and Km3g are also present in other daylily accessions (Cichewicz and Nair, 2002;Lin et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2018). Peak 4 was characterized as quercetin 3-arabinoside (Qu3ar) because it had fragments at m/z 433.08 ([M-H] − ) and 271 ([Y0] − ), indicating the loss of an arabinoside (150 Da) (Chen et al, 2010).…”

Study on the Sleep-Improvement Effects of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni in Drosophila melanogaster and Targeted Screening to Identify Its Active Components and Mechanism

“…The specific matching information is summarized in Table 1 . In previous studies, Sun et al preliminary identified 27 phenolic compounds of flowers of daylily ( Hemerocallis fulva (L.)), indicating that rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid were its major phenolic compounds [ 39 ]. The present study performed a comprehensive phytochemical scan and identified more types of plant compounds, not limited to polyphenols, which laid a firm basis for the subsequent network pharmacology analysis.…”

“…Chromatographic separation was accomplished with an Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120, 4.6 mm × 150 mm, 2.7 µm column were used (Agilent Infinity Lab, Wilmington, DE, USA). The detailed operation was performed according to the previous method with slight modifications, and it is presented in the Supplementary Material [ 39 ].…”

The essential oil composition of selected Hemerocallis cultivars and their biological activity

“…Although phytochemical studies conducted on various organs of Hemerocallis have revealed the presence of many kinds of active compounds such as flavonoids [6,14,33,34], antraquinones [9,11], alkaloids [34], triterpenes [11], and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives [14,35], there is only one report about volatile oils in this genus [36].…”