Phytochemistry, Chemotaxonomy, Ethnopharmacology, and Nutraceutics of Lamiaceae

New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family

“…[453] As already stated aromatic herbs from Lamiaceae have been used for centuries to improve the sensory characteristics and to prolong the shelf life of food due to the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of their essential oils and extracts. [454] Examples reported in literature on edible films incorporating antioxidant/antimicrobial extract from Lamiaceae herbs include edible cassava starch film containing rosemary extracts having antioxidant activity, [455] rosemary and oregano extracts-enriched gelatin films, [456,457] again rosemary as additive in chitosan-based edible biopolymers for the preservation of beef burgers [458] and the reduction of lipid oxidation and microbial spoilage in fish. [459] Finally, rosemary in association with olive oleoresin in chitosan edible polymers has been proven to improve antioxidant protection and to prevent browning reaction in butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata DUCH.)…”

Essential Oils from Monarda fistulosa: Chemical Composition and Activation of Transient Receptor Potential A1 (TRPA1) Channels

“…In addition, extracts of Monarda L. spp. have been reported to exhibit antihelmintic, carminative, expectorant, febrifuge, rubefacient, and antimicrobial activities [ 3 ].…”

Pedicularis L. Genus: Systematics, Botany, Phytochemistry, Chemotaxonomy, Ethnopharmacology and Other

“…In fact, if on one side, the work by Khodaie et al [12] did not absolutely evidence the presence of sesquiterpenes, the work by Morteza-Semnani et al [13] did and even in high amounts since they represented the 35.4% of all the identified components. This may be actually explained by the different environmental growth conditions of the two studied species and this, once again, highlights how the essential oil composition is greatly affected by external factors and does not only depend on the genetic factors [14]. Indeed, among the polar fraction metabolites, several classes of natural compounds were found i.e.fatty acids, alkaloids, steroids, lignans, neo-lignans, tannins, ionones, phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, xanthones, iridoids, seco-iridoids, phenyl-glycosides, organic acids, polyols, saccharides and amino acids.…”

“…verbascoside and its derivatives) are considered to be other chemotaxonomic markers of the genus since their presence has been evidenced in most of the studied species. Yet, these compounds are very common in all the Asteridae class and, in fact, they have been identified also in other families such as Asteraceae [91], Caprifoliaceae [92], Lamiaceae [14], Oleaceae [93], Plantaginaceae [94], Scrophulariaceae [95] and Verbenaceae [96]. More specifically, the phenylethanoid glycosided have a chemotaxonomical relevance when in co-occurrence with iridoids [97].…”

“…Yet, they are very common compounds in the plant kingdom and for this reason they are notso useful as chemotaxonomic markers. In particular, their presence can be easily evidenced in Lamiaceae species [14] as well as in many other families such as Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Compositae and Hypericaceae [106][107][108][109][110][111][112].…”