Phytogeography of southern Australia

Charles, E; Nelson, Frank

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-8629-9_25

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…It seems probable that C. granitora, C. infundibularis and the eastern Australian taxon C. stellata are relicts, persisting from a time when the south-west and South Australia were connected with suitable mesic habitat. There are several examples of this kind of east-west relationship among diverse groups in the southern Australian flora, as well as many species that occur either side of the Nullarbor (Nelson 1974(Nelson , 1981.…”

Section: Caladenia Excelsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to Western Australian orchidology: 2. New taxa and circumscriptions in Caladenia

Hopper¹,

Brown²

2001

Nuytsia

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Hopper, S.D. & Brown, A.P. Contributions to Western Australian Orchidology: 2. New taxa and circumscriptions in Caladenia. Nuytsia 14(1): 27-xx (2001). Some 260 species oi Caladenia R. Br. will be recognized Australia-wide following this taxonomic treatment of Western Australia's largest genus of orchids. A new key to the 112 Western Australian species is provided, as well as updated descriptions of all taxa needing attention as a consequence of our revisionary studies. Most taxa recognized herein are newly named, including 69 species and 26 subspecies. In addition, 15 new hybrids are recognized. There are also two new combinations, Caladenia nana Endl. subsp. unita (Fitz.) Hopper & A.P. Br. and C. longicauda Lindl. subsp. eminens (Domin) Hopper & A.P. Br. Currently 15 taxa are declared as Rare Flora and 21 have a conservation priority.Two of the proposed new genera, Cyanicula Hopper & A.P. Br. and Praecoxanthus Hopper & A.P. Br., were formally described (Hopper &. Brown 2000), after support for them was obtained from recent DNA sequence studies of the Orchidaccae and the Diurideae in particular (Figure 1). The molecular data also supported the reinstatement of Leptoceras. However, the third proposed new genus, Drakonorchis, appeared from this molecular research to be deeply embedded as a distinct group (now regarded as a subgenus) within Caladenia sens. lat.By excluding Le/Jtoceras, Cyanicula and Praecoxanthus, we consider Caladenia to be much more clearly circumscribed than has been the case in the past. At the same time as we reduced the circumscription of Caladenia we formalized a new subgeneric classification for the genus, elevating three of Bentham's (1873) sections to subgenera {Caladenia, Phlebochilus [as Phlebochila] and Calonema), and describing two new subgenera, Drakonorchis and Elevatae [as Elevata] (Hopper & Brown 2000). The remaining two sections of Caladenia recognized by Bentham (1873) are now removed from the genus, with section Leptoceras Benth. now recognized as two separate genera {Leporella A.S. George and Leptoceras), and section Pentisia Benth. constituting the new genus Cyanicula (with the addition of C. caerulea (R. Br.) Hopper & A.P. Br. and C. deformis(R. Br.) Hopper & A.P. Br.), which Bentham placed in the typical section). As well as including part of Cyanicula, Bentham included the Caladenia flava group (now Caladenia subg. Elevatae) and Praecoxanthus in his concept of sect. Caladenia [as Eucaladenia].These are now regarded as quite distinct evolutionary groups. Some change is also needed for Bentham s circumscription of his sections Calonema (typified by Caladenia longicauda and including all the spider orchids, i.e. taxa with elongate petals and sepals) md Phlebochilus (typified by Caladenia cairnsiana and including the group of wasp-pollinated species with short petals and sepals). Of major interest, based on DNA sequence data (Figure 1), is that the wispy spider orchids of the Caladenia fdamentosa complex are actual ly more closely related to species in Caladenia subg. Phleboch...

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Section: Caladenia Excelsamentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to Western Australian orchidology: 2. New taxa and circumscriptions in Caladenia

Hopper¹,

Brown²

2001

Nuytsia

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Biogeography of the phoracanthine beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Wang

Thornton

New

1996

Journal of Biogeography

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Six biogeographic subregions of the phoracanthine beetles are proposed on the basis of 136 valid species in all eleven genera of this Australasian group of insects: the Kosciuskan, Western, Eyrean, Torresian, Timorian and New Guinean. Both phenetic and cladistic approaches are employed in the biogeographic study of these beetles. Phenetically, the Kosciuskan and Torresian fauna are the most similar and the least faunal similarity occurs between the New Guinean subregion and all others. Cladistically, two distinct peripheral faunas are divided: the southern Western+Kosciuskan and the northern New Guinean+Torresian+Timorian. The Eyrean fauna in the central Australian continent is more distantly related to the remainder than the latter are to each other. Biogeographic history of the phoracanthine beetles is discussed extensively.

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Problems of placing boundaries on ecological continua - options for a workable national rainforest definition in Australia

Lynch

Neldner²

2000

Aust. J. Bot.

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Options for a new definition of, and key for, rainforest in Australia are provided. The definitions take a national perspective, and are based on the ecological characteristics of rainforest species and some structural and floristic characteristics. Rainforest plant species are defined as those adapted to regenerating under low-light conditions experienced under the closed canopy or in localised gaps caused by recurring disturbances which are part of the natural rainforest ecosystem, and are not dependent on fire for successful regeneration. Three definitions are provided which differ in the extent of inclusion of transitional and seral communities. The first definition recognises communities such as mixed forests as transitional to rainforests and therefore as separate communities. The second definition includes a minimal component of emergent non-rainforest species in rainforest in the recognition that the main floristic component and functioning of the communities cannot be distinguished. The third definition includes the late successional stages of transitional and seral communities in rainforest on the presumption that such communities include non-rainforest species which are close to senescence, and that these communities are essential for the long-term conservation of rainforest in areas where rainforest is vulnerable and subject to major disturbance, particularly by fire. The first definition is concluded to be the least ambiguous and arbitrary, and enables a consistent approach to rainforest management. Recognition of mixed forests as a distinctive and mappable vegetation type should be incorporated in a comprehensive conservation strategy inclusive of all ecosystem developmental stages.

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Phytogeography of southern Australia

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Contributions to Western Australian orchidology: 2. New taxa and circumscriptions in Caladenia

Contributions to Western Australian orchidology: 2. New taxa and circumscriptions in Caladenia

Biogeography of the phoracanthine beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Problems of placing boundaries on ecological continua - options for a workable national rainforest definition in Australia

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