Phytonutrient, Mineral Composition and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Leaf and Stem Bark Powders of Pappea capensis (L.)

Machocho, Alex K.; Karau, Geoffrey Muriira; Njagi, E.N.M.; Wangai, Laura Nyawira

doi:10.3923/pjn.2012.123.132

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is involved in blood clotting, muscle contraction, neurological function, formation of bones and teeth (Senga Kitumbe et al, 2013). It is also an important factor in the enzymatic metabolic processes (Karau et al, 2012). The iron contents in corn varieties of three clusters were largely above the daily level recommended by WHO which is 100 to 150 mg/kg (Senga Kitumbe et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cultivated in Southern Benin

Semassa¹,

Anihouvi²,

Padonou³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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This study aims to establish the mineral potential of 30 varieties of corn mainly used in the traditional and industrial processing sectors. The samples were collected from all agro-ecological zones of corn production in southern Benin. The nutritional profile of samples was evaluated through their mineral composition using AOAC methods. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the samples analysed were ranked in three groups consisting of fairly homogeneous varieties. The results also showed that the 30 varieties contained variable amounts of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, magnesium, calcium and iron. Varieties of cluster 1 were very rich in iron (710 ± 0.01 mg/kg), those of cluster 3 contained the highest potassium contents (7958 ± 0.1 mg/kg) while samples of cluster 2 contained the lowest contents in potassium (1883±0.02 mg/kg), sodium (213.40 ± 0.00 mg/kg), magnesium (352.10± 0.01 mg/kg) and calcium (93 ± 0.00 mg/kg). Moreover, Ca/P and Na/K ratios were 0.38 and 0.13 for cluster 1 corn varieties, 0.21 and 0.11 for cluster 2 samples, and 0.07 and 0.03 for cluster 3 varieties respectively. With the exception of cluster 3 samples that meet the nutritional requirement in iron and dietary intake of magnesium for children, the remaining maize varieties samples did not showed a satisfactory mineral composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cultivated in Southern Benin

Semassa¹,

Anihouvi²,

Padonou³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Fruits consist of a shell covering a seed which is enclosed by a fleshy ariel. Both fruit and leaves are known to be used as food sources by various animal species, including a variety livestock and Bovidae species (Van Wyk et al 2011;Karau et al 2012). P. capensis trees are found in low densities and dispersed among the more abundant Acacia trees in the study region.…”

Section: Feeding Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spicing up the menu: evidence of fruit feeding in Galago moholi

et al. 2014

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The African lesser bushbaby, Galago moholi, is currently described as a food specialist, feeding exclusively on small arthropods and gum primarily from Acacia karroo trees. We studied a population of G. moholi in a highly-fragmented habitat in the southernmost part of its natural distributional range in South Africa. In this habitat we opportunistically observed bushbabies feeding on fruits of the winter fruiting tree, Pappea capensis. Plot counts of tree composition revealed that although the dominant tree species in the area belonged to the genus Acacia, A. karroo trees were widely absent and gum could only be found in small quantities on other Acacia species. The analysis of P. capensis fruits showed high levels of protein, fat and energy content, making the fruits a potentially important food source for G. moholi during winter when insect availability is low. Our observation is the first documented case of fruit-feeding in G. moholi, suggesting that the species is not a food specialist as previously reported, but can opportunistically supplement its diet with fruit when available.

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“…Hyperglycemia was induced experimentally by a single intraperitoneal administration of 186.9 mg/kg body weight of a freshly prepared 10% alloxan monohydrate (2,4,5,6 tetraoxypyrimidine; 5-6-dioxyuracil) obtained from Sigma (Steinhein, Switzerland) [6]. 48 hr after alloxan administration, blood glucose level was measured using a glucometer.…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These drugs are used as monotherapy or in combination to achieve better glycemic control. However, the use of the above oral agents causes a number of serious adverse effects which includes digestive disorders (nausea, vomiting), blood disorders (hemolytic anemia) and hypoglycemia [6]. As a consequence there continues to be the high demand for new oral anti-diabetic drug with little or no side effect from herbal sources [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic Effect of Aqueous and Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Maytenus putterkloides in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice

SM¹,

Wm²

2016

J Diabetes Metab

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Maytenus putterkloides has been used traditionally to manage several diseases including diabetes, however, its efficacy has not been scientifically evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo hypoglycemic activity of aqueous and ethyl acetate leaf extract of this plant in male swiss white albino mice. The antidiabetic activity was screened in alloxan induced diabetic mice through oral and intraperitoneal routes. Phytochemical composition was assessed using standard procedures. The aqueous and ethyl acetate leaf extract of this plant showed hypoglycemic activity at dose levels of 50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg body weight in a dose independent manner via both routes. The extracts contained total phenolics, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and phytonutrients; vitamins B1, B3, and C. The observed hypoglycemic activity could be associated with the phytochemicals present in this plant extract.

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Phytonutrient, Mineral Composition and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Leaf and Stem Bark Powders of Pappea capensis (L.)

Cited by 28 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cultivated in Southern Benin

Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cultivated in Southern Benin

Spicing up the menu: evidence of fruit feeding in Galago moholi

Hypoglycemic Effect of Aqueous and Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Maytenus putterkloides in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice

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