Phytoremediation: A way towards sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

Phytoremediation means utilizing the potential of a variety of plants to remediate soil, sludge, sediment and water (surface water and underground aquifers) contaminated with heavy metals at the point or non-point sources. Phytoremediation is solar energy-driven technology, eco-friendly and a cost-effective way of making soil and water pollutants free. It is a process of onsite remediation by using different biological processes of plants. Phytoremediation is known widely by different terms viz., green-remediation, botanicremediation, agro-remediation, and vegetative-remediation, etc. Pollutants occur in different forms, like organic, inorganic, metallic and non-metallic, etc. Plants can be utilized for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil and water resources. This review gives current understanding of the mechanism of heavy metal remediation by different plant species, therefore encouraging research and development in this area. Phytoremediation further needs a profound understanding of the underlying mechanism and requires pilot level as well as field level studies.

Evaluation of sphagneticola trilobata and amaranthus hypochondriacus on the phytoremediation of soils polluted by heavy metals

“…According to results found in this study, it can be observed that the amaranthus hypochondriacus had higher Pb, Ni, and Zn levels than the sphagneticola trilobata. This difference in uptake could be explained by the fact that plants do not accumulate heavy metals in the same way, depending on their cellular and molecular constitution [23].…”

“…Plants have always been considered, in most cultures around the world, as a source of food and energy and for their therapeutic abilities [21,22]. For about two to three decades, researchers have developed a particular interest in a plant's capacity to store, degrade or mineralize certain polluting substances in the air, water, and soil [23].…”

Exploring the Potential of Industrial Hemp in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals

“…Heavy metal chromium finds extensive application in industrial processes including cement manufacturing, leather tanning, and metal plating. However, both persons and the ecosystem may be harmed by exposure to excessive chromium concentrations (Kerkeb & Kramer, 2003;Rai et al, 2019;Udawat & Singh, 2020). There are several methods for dealing with chromium contamination, such as phytotransformation, phytoextraction, and phytostabilization.…”

Potential of Industrial Hemp for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals

“…These metal pollutants are made bioavailable for plants through root secretion of metal-chelating molecules into the surrounding rhizosphere [ 30 ], metal reductase in the plasma membrane, and proton extrusion from roots [ 26 ]. Several mechanisms of phytoremediation exist [ 2 , 9 , 31 , 32 ]. In phytoextraction, soil contaminants are taken up through the roots and accumulate in the shoots [ 33 , 34 ].…”