Phytoremediation of Abandoned Mining Lake by Water Hyacinth and Water Lettuces in Constructed Wetlands

Abstract

Tasik Puteri is a recreational lake for few activities such as scuba diving, kayaking and swimming during the dry season. However, this lake was an iron ore mining site and the remaining contaminants and heavy metal of the lake can harm the people that directly get into contact with the lake water. The present study focused on investigating the phytoremediation potential of locally available floating aquatic plants in the treatment process of water from Tasik Puteri, which was contaminated with mining effluent. The effluent was treated with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuces (Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes) in a constructed wetland for a period of 28 days. The effluent treatment efficiency was estimated by measuring the effluent quality over the experimental period. Five water parameters such as the total iron (TI), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), electrical conductivity (EC) and turbidity were examined using standard laboratory procedures, which include. The results indicated that the three plants were able to remove the contaminants. After 28 days, the physical observation shows that the water hyacinth was healthier than the water lettuces. Considerable decrements in concentration were recorded in TI, TP and EC, but fluctuation in COD and turbidity value were observed. Comparison results by the plants indicat that after 28 days, water hyacinth was the most effective plant in removing phosporus, COD and EC of the mining lake with 97.3%, 70.5% and 22.2% removal, respectively. Furthermore, water lettuce (P. stratiotes) was the most effective plant in removing Iron (96.0%) and the turbidity (50.0%) of the mining lake. S. molesta showed the lowest removal capability for all experimental parameters. In conclusion, water hyacinth and water lettuces had shown better capability in removing heavy metals and other contaminants with E. crassipes has the highest survivability in the lake water.

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“…Furthermore, several study conducted by (Pagoray et al, 2017) (Sidek et al, 2018), and (Pratiwi, 2022) has emphasized the significance of Kiambang in the reduction of pollutant concentrations, particularly in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), thus showing its potential for the breakdown of organic compounds. The aforementioned studies provide support for our research findings about the efficacy of Kiambang in the reduction of dissolved nutrients, heavy metals, and pollutants during a span of seven days.…”

An efficacy investigation of combining Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) with Filters as a Bioremediation for Leachate Contaminated Water

“…Previous studies use a combination of zeolite sand filter media and water hyacinth plants, which effectively reduce waste's conductivity value (Sidek et al, 2018). A decrease in Conductivity is also recorded in the use of Water Hyacinth in several pollutants: nitrogen and phosphorus (Singh et al, 2022), Sewage (Dar et al, 2011), and the glass industry (Singh et al, 2022).…”

Bioaugmentation potential of inoculum derived from anaerobic digestion feedstock for enhanced methane production using water hyacinth

“…The capacity of water hyacinth to absorb heavy metals and salts in its natural habitat has been related to its phytoremediation abilities (Sidek et al 2018 ; Nazir et al 2020 ). The stimulatory effect of heavy metals on the metabolic potential of indigenous microorganisms to produce methane has been investigated (Zupančič and Grilc 2012 ; Romero-Güiza et al 2016 ).…”