Phytotoxicity of Water and Sediment from Nif Brook (Izmir, Turkey) on Green Algae Desmodesmus (=Scenedesmus) Subspicatus

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Bakırçay River, one of the important rivers of the Aegean region, has a length of 129 km and an approximate catchment area of 3160 km2. Bakırçay River, which carries agricultural drainage and polluted wastewater with high nitrogen and phosphorus content, is polluted due to domestic and agricultural resources. The water of the Bakırçay River is used for irrigation in agriculture and fishing from the dam lakes on the river for feeding purposes also negatively affects the health of the people in the vicinity. In the Bakırçay River, there is widespread pollution caused by mining areas as well as domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. For this purpose, the “Algal Growth Inhibition Test, OECD 201” was applied to the water samples obtained from 10 stations on the Bakırçay River. Scenedesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Kützing, 1834 green algae culture, accepted as the primary trophic level representative for the " Algal Growth Inhibition Test, OECD 201" test, one of the short-term phytotoxicity test methods, was used in this test. Water samples were tested at five different dilutions (40, 60, 80, 100 %). To determine the effects on the growth of Scenedesmus dimorphus, the cells were counted by fluorimeter (Turner design) daily at the same time and the test duration was 72 hours. In conclusion, the highest level of toxicity was found at Stations 1, 9, 10,13,14, and 15. The reason for this was that there was a coal facility near Station 9 and that all branches of the Bakırçay River joined near Station15 and then drained into Çandarlı Bay.

Section: Algal Growth Inhibition Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation of the effects of surface waters of the Bakırçay River on the growth of green algae Scenedesmus dimorphus

Boyacıoğlu

Aygen

Karaaslan

et al. 2023

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“…Algal Growth Inhibition has been evaluated with cultures of green algae Desmodesmus (=Scenedesmus) subspicatus as the representative of the first trophic level. The test was used to assess the toxicity of both water and sediment samples from the Nif Brook (Katalay et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well-known that phytotoxicity tests are appropriate for determining the adverse effects of various chemicals causing pollution in the environment. Besides, another phytotoxicity assay on Nif Brook was performed by Katalay et al (2012) and the standard test protocol test method OECD 201. Algal Growth Inhibition has been evaluated with cultures of green algae Desmodesmus (=Scenedesmus) subspicatus as the representative of the first trophic level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxicity of sediment from Gölcük Lake (İzmir, Turkey) on Desmodesmus (=Scenedesmus) dimorphus

Boyacıoğlu¹,

Parlak²,

Arslan³

et al. 2017

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Gölcük Lake (Bozdağ-İzmir) is polluted by the touristic activities and agricultural and domestic sources. Gölcük Lake also adversely impacts human health as the lake water is used for irrigation in agriculture, and the fish caught from the lake is used for nutrition by the community around it. For this purpose, "OECD 201 Algal Growth Inhibition Test", the standard test protocol was evaluated with cultures of green algae Desmodesmus dimorphus as the representative of the first trophic level. This test was used to assess the toxicity of sediment samples collected from five sampling sites in Gölcük Lake. Extracts of sediment samples were assayed in four different concentrations (20, 40, 100, and 200 mg/ml). The effects on the growth of D. dimorphus were examined by scoring cell numbers under the light microscope with a Neubauer haemocytometer counting chamber. According to the results, all extracts, except those from Station 3, inhibited growth of D. dimorphus in increasing concentrations of sediment samples, and inhibition was observed in the following order of stations: 2>5>4>1. Additionally, an increase in the number of algae (hormesis) was observed in the Station 3, depending on time and concentrations. Keywords: Algal Growth Inhibition Test, Pollution, Freshwater, Gölcük LakeÖz: Gölcük Gölü (Bozdağ-İzmir) turizm aktiviteleri, evsel ve tarımsal kaynaklar nedeniyle kirlenmektedir. Gölcük Gölü'nün suyu tarımda sulama amaçlı kullanılmakta ve gölden beslenme amacıyla balık avlandığı için göl suyu, civarındaki halkın sağlığını da olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu amaçla, "OECD 201 Algal Büyüme İnhibisyon Testi" kısa zamanlı phytotoxicity test yöntemi için standart bir test protokolüdür ve yeşil alglerden olan Desmodesmus dimorphus kültürü birinci trofik seviye temsilcisi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu test, gölden daha önceden belirlenmiş 5 örnekleme yerinden toplanan sediment örneklerinin toksisitesini değerlendirmek için kullanıldı. Sediment örneklerinin ekstraktları dört farklı konsantrasyonda (20, 40, 100 ve 200 mg/ml) test edildiler. Desmodesmus dimorphus'un büyümesi üzerindeki etkiler, sayma kamarası Neubauer hemositometre ile ışık mikroskopu altında hücre sayımı yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, 3 numaralı istasyon dışında tüm sediment ekstraktları artan konsantrasyona bağlı olarak Desmodesmus dimorphus büyümesini engellemiştir ve bu istasyonlar sırasıyla 2>5>4>1 nolu istasyonlardır. Ayrıca 3 nolu istasyonda zamana ve konsantrasyona bağlı olarak alg sayısında artış (hormesis) gözlenmiştir.

“…Researchers have paid more attention and give priority to the studies related with deleterious effects of chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on ecosystems, since the concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants from anthropogenic sources in the environment have been increasing. Effects of different pollutants can be assessed by various bio tests like AMES/Salmonella mutagenicity test (Boyacıoğlu et al, 2007), embryotoxicity test with sea urchins (Karaaslan et al, 2012;Gunduz et al, 2013) or algal growth inhibition assay (Katalay et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Compounds on the Biochemical Activities in Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

Gülsever¹,

Parlak²

2018

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Our environment has been affected by increasing level of discharged organic and inorganic pollutants from anthropogenic sources. Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are one of the important sources of pollution and they are major risks for the aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of PFOS on GST enzyme activities in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). For this purpose, mussels were exposed to six different PFOS concentrations and the effects were evaluated. PFOS has been caused to a statistically significant increase in GST activity in hepatopancreas in all experimental groups compared with the control group. In conclusion, it has been approved that GST which is a defense mechanism of organisms, can be a very useful tool to detect the toxic effects of pollutants.