Phytovolatilization of Organic Contaminants

Limmer, Matt A.; Burken, Joel G.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b04113

Cited by 222 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Roots spread out in the subsurface and acquire water, nutrients, and many chemicals present in subsurface soil and groundwater, thereby acting as an in-situ sampling tool. Chemical testing of plant tissues has shown that plants can act as chemical samplers [9] and that uptake is predicted by physio-chemical properties [10]. Compounds that can cross root membranes may cause stress by altering physiological and morphological characteristics, e.g., chlorophyll reductions, decreased stomatal conductance, increased fluorescence, and reduced biomass.…”

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confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing of Explosives-Induced Stress in Plants: Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis for Remote Detection of Unexploded Threats

et al. 2019

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Explosives contaminate millions of hectares from various sources (partial detonations, improper storage, and release from production and transport) that can be life-threatening, e.g., landmines and unexploded ordnance. Exposure to and uptake of explosives can also negatively impact plant health, and these factors can be can be remotely sensed. Stress induction was remotely sensed via a whole-plant hyperspectral imaging system as two genotypes of Zea mays, a drought-susceptible hybrid and a drought-tolerant hybrid, and a forage Sorghum bicolor were grown in a greenhouse with one control group, one group maintained at 60% soil field capacity, and a third exposed to 250 mg kg −1 Royal Demolition Explosive (RDX). Green-Red Vegetation Index (GRVI), Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI), Modified Red Edge Simple Ratio (MRESR), and Vogelmann Red Edge Index 1 (VREI1) were reduced due to presence of explosives. Principal component analyses of reflectance indices separated plants exposed to RDX from control and drought plants. Reflectance of Z. mays hybrids was increased from RDX in green and red wavelengths, while reduced in near-infrared wavelengths. Drought Z. mays reflectance was lower in green, red, and NIR regions. S. bicolor grown with RDX reflected more in green, red, and NIR wavelengths. The spectra and their derivatives will be beneficial for developing explosive-specific indices to accurately identify plants in contaminated soil. This study is the first to demonstrate potential to delineate subsurface explosives over large areas using remote sensing of vegetation with aerial-based hyperspectral systems.in soil and is highly mobile unlike TNT and has entered groundwater sources of some communities around military bases [5]. With almost 2000 sites at closed military bases contaminated with UXO, explosives contamination at military testing sites also complicate base conversions after closure [6,7]. Over the course of years of being in soil, ordnance casings containing RDX degrade from contact with water in the form of rain and soil moisture [8]. The sheer volume and diversity of fugitive compounds in the subsurface drives the need for a novel technique that accurately locates contaminants and will allow for safe and rapid remediation.Plants can be used as sentinels to discover what lies in soil beneath the surface. Roots spread out in the subsurface and acquire water, nutrients, and many chemicals present in subsurface soil and groundwater, thereby acting as an in-situ sampling tool. Chemical testing of plant tissues has shown that plants can act as chemical samplers [9] and that uptake is predicted by physio-chemical properties [10]. Compounds that can cross root membranes may cause stress by altering physiological and morphological characteristics, e.g., chlorophyll reductions, decreased stomatal conductance, increased fluorescence, and reduced biomass. Explosives enter plants by crossing root membranes via bulk water transport and are either stored in roots or translocated to leaves where they accumulate [11][12...

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confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing of Explosives-Induced Stress in Plants: Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis for Remote Detection of Unexploded Threats

et al. 2019

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“…Then, the transformed compounds are volatilized into the air surrounding the plant (Akpor and Muchie, 2010). For example, volatile organic compounds, such as mercury and trichloroethylene may be volatized by either direct phytovolatilization which is volatilized from the stem and leaves in gaseous form, or by indirect phytovolatilization which is from the soil due to plant root activities (Limmer and Burken, 2016).…”

Section: Phytovolatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytofiltration is the method of phytoremediation that involves filtering and removing contaminants, mainly toxic substances, from wastewater. Limmer and Burken (2016) explained that phytofiltration functions by utilizing the plants' roots (rhizofiltration), seedlings (blastofiltration), or excised plant shoots (caulofiltration), to inhibit the organic pollutants from entering into streams or groundwater. Similar to phytoextraction, this method also involves the uptake of pollutants, especially heavy metals, from the roots and their accumulation in the plant biomass.…”

Section: Phytofiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of Pennisetum purpureum for phytoremediation and bioenergy production: a mini review

Osman

Roslan

Ibrahim

et al. 2020

APJMBB

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Organic and/or heavy metal pollutants in soil and wastewater can be remediated by phytoremediation. Phytoremediation combines the disciplines of plant physiology, soil microbiology and soil chemistry. There are several ways by which plants extract, stabilize, filtrate, volatilize or degrade the contaminants. However, the effectiveness of phytoremediation relies upon the type of plant used. Pennisetum purpureum, commonly referred to as Napier grass, is one of the exceptional phytoremediators due to its rapid growth rate and ability to survive in highly contaminated soils. In the present review, the potential use and applicability of P. purpureum to remediate various contaminated areas was highlighted and comprehensively discussed, especially the five phytoremediation mechanisms involved (i.e., phytodegradation, phytoextraction, phytofiltration, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization). The application and management of P. purpureum in soil and wastewater phytoremediation were also critically presented. The coupling of phytoremediation and bioenergy is the zero-waste concept that can be applied since P. purpureum contains high lignocellulosic content that can be utilized as carbon source for biofuel production, such as ethanol and butanol.

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“…It is possible for plants to interact with a variety of organic compounds and affect the fate and transport of many environmental contaminants. Volatile organic compounds may be volatilized from stems or leaves (direct phyto-volatilization) or from soil due to plant root activities (indirect phyto-volatilization) [14]. Fluxes of contaminants volatilizing from plants range from local contaminant spills to global fluxes of methane emanating biochemically reducing organic carbon.…”

Section: Phyto-volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Contamination and Remediation of Water and Soil with Case Studies From Cyprus

Akün¹

2020

Heavy Metal Toxicity in Public Health

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Some of the heavy metals, (arsenic, cadmium, chromium and nickel) tend to endanger public health, when found above critical limits in soil and water, becoming carcinogenic. The heavy metals are taken by humans through the food chain. As shown by numerous researchers all over the world, the heavy metal contamination mostly come from sewage waters and pesticides, as well as naturally. The natural resources come from the composition of the rock formations present at the area of study. One or all of the above mentioned sources of heavy metal contamination may be present. The study concentrates on the internationally accepted critical limits for soil and water, explains scientific methods of entering into vegetables and fruit, and also tries to shed light on the transfer factors of heavy metals imposing dangers on public health. Remediation of the contaminated soil and water is also discussed, and phytoremediation methods are brought forward, as compared with chemical methods. Details of different phytoremediation (phyto-accumulation, phyto-stabilization, phyto-degradation, phyto-volatilization, and hydraulic control) are also discussed. Actual case studies from North Cyprus are also provided, with real contamination levels observed. Different areas and soil/water/plant species were assessed in detail, displaying concentrations, critical limits, transfer factors, and recommendations.

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Phytovolatilization of Organic Contaminants

Cited by 222 publications

References 117 publications

Remote Sensing of Explosives-Induced Stress in Plants: Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis for Remote Detection of Unexploded Threats

Remote Sensing of Explosives-Induced Stress in Plants: Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis for Remote Detection of Unexploded Threats

Potential use of Pennisetum purpureum for phytoremediation and bioenergy production: a mini review

Heavy Metal Contamination and Remediation of Water and Soil with Case Studies From Cyprus

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