Picosecond opto-electronic cross-correlator with single-photon sensitivity

Berndt, Klaus W.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(87)90119-2

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Hence a small portable instrument using inexpensive detection techniques is highly desirable. Berndt (1987) and colleagues (Berndt et al 1988) have described a technique for the measurement of the lifetime of fluorescent materials using an opto-electronic crosscorrelator. This used a mode-locked argon-ion laser as a source and a small-area avalanche photodiode (APD) (Sze 1981) as the detector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of tissue temporal point spread function (TPSF) by use of a gain-modulated avalanche photodiode detector

Kirkby¹,

Delpy²

1996

Phys. Med. Biol.

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This paper describes an opto-electronic cross-correlator designed for measurement of the temporal point spread function (TPSF) of light at the bedside. Ultra-short (< 2 ps) pulses of light from a mode-locked laser were used to illuminate a tissue phantom. The light exiting from the tissue phantom was coupled by an optical fibre to a small-area (200 microns diameter, Hamamatsu S2381) avalanche photodiode (APD). The gain of the photodiode was modulated at the repetition rate of the pulsed laser (82 MHz). Usually the gain was approximately 100, but for a period of approximately 130 ps (FWHM) the gain was increased to approximately 105. A lock-in amplifier, which sampled the integrated APD current, gave an output proportional to the difference between the current in the low- and high-gain states. Hence a small section of the TPSF was selectively sampled. An overall temporal resolution of 275 ps FWHM was achieved. As the timing of the gain modulation was controlled by an all-electronic variable-time-delay system, the whole of the TPSF could be sampled without requiring any moving prism or mirror which is typical of many cross-correlators. Hence the system is mechanically very rugged, which enhances its durability in a portable instrument.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of tissue temporal point spread function (TPSF) by use of a gain-modulated avalanche photodiode detector

Kirkby¹,

Delpy²

1996

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Minority-carrier generation and recombination in 1.35 μm InGaAsP/InP double heterostructure diodes

Rheinländer

Grummt

Kováč³

et al. 1988

Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)

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In 1.35 μm‐InGaAsP/InP DHS mesastructure diodes with differently spaced p‐n and heterojunctions the electron‐beam induced current and cathodoluminescence, the C–U characteristics, the DLTS, and the photoresponse as well as the injection luminescence as functions of the wavelength, temperature, and time are measured. The InP‐interlayer lying between p‐n and heterojunction supresses the collection of the photogenerated holes by means of the valence‐band offset induced pile‐up effect at low illumination levels and low temperatures, delays the motion of the holes during the collection at high illumination levels and reduces the hole injection into the n‐type quaternary active layer at low temperatures. Probably due to the separation of the p‐n junction from the active layer the content of nonradiative recombination centres in the active layer is reduced.

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Time-Resolved Luminescence Studies of Vertical Transport in Short-Period Superlattices with Enlarged Well

Puls¹,

Henneberger²,

Uraltsev³

et al. 1990

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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Picosecond opto-electronic cross-correlator with single-photon sensitivity

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Measurement of tissue temporal point spread function (TPSF) by use of a gain-modulated avalanche photodiode detector

Measurement of tissue temporal point spread function (TPSF) by use of a gain-modulated avalanche photodiode detector

Minority-carrier generation and recombination in 1.35 μm InGaAsP/InP double heterostructure diodes

Time-Resolved Luminescence Studies of Vertical Transport in Short-Period Superlattices with Enlarged Well

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