Piezoresistive design for electronic skin: from fundamental to emerging applications

Zhong, Fang; Hu, Wei; Zhu, Ping; Wang, Han; Lin, Nan; Wang, Zuyong

doi:10.29026/oea.2022.210029

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Percolation characteristics are ubiquitous in particle-filled polymer composites [ 30 ], which are related to the properties of conductive fillers, such as aspect ratio, conductivity, dispersion, etc. To evaluate the conductivity of the MWCNT/PDMS layer, a series of samples were prepared with a gradient increase of the MWCNT content from 2 wt% to 20 wt%; the percolation curve is shown in Figure 4 a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain and Pressure Sensors Based on MWCNT/PDMS for Human Motion/Perception Detection

et al. 2023

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Flexible wearable devices have attracted wide attention in capacious fields because of their real-time and continuous monitoring of human information. The development of flexible sensors and corresponding integration with wearable devices is of great significance to build smart wearable devices. In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane-based (MWCNT/PDMS) resistive strain sensors and pressure sensors were developed to integrate a smart glove for human motion/perception detection. Firstly, MWCNT/PDMS conductive layers with excellent electrical and mechanical properties (resistivity of 2.897 KΩ · cm, elongation at break of 145%) were fabricated via a facile scraping-coating method. Then, a resistive strain sensor with a stable homogeneous structure was developed due to the similar physicochemical properties of the PDMS encapsulation layer and MWCNT/PDMS sensing layer. The resistance changes of the prepared strain sensor exhibited a great linear relationship with the strain. Moreover, it could output obvious repeatable dynamic response signals. It still had good cyclic stability and durability after 180° bending/restoring cycles and 40% stretching/releasing cycles. Secondly, MWCNT/PDMS layers with bioinspired spinous microstructures were formed by a simple sandpaper retransfer process and then assembled face-to-face into a resistive pressure sensor. The pressure sensor presented a linear relationship of relative resistance change and pressure in the range of 0–31.83 KPa with a sensitivity of 0.026 KPa−1, and a sensitivity of 2.769 × 10−4 KPa−1 over 32 KPa. Furthermore, it responded quickly and kept good cycle stability at 25.78 KPa dynamic loop over 2000 s. Finally, as parts of a wearable device, resistive strain sensors and a pressure sensor were then integrated into different areas of the glove. The cost-effective, multi-functional smart glove can recognize finger bending, gestures, and external mechanical stimuli, which holds great potential in the fields of medical healthcare, human-computer cooperation, and so on.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain and Pressure Sensors Based on MWCNT/PDMS for Human Motion/Perception Detection

et al. 2023

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“…Wearable healthcare devices enabled by flexible electronics and photonics technology have been devoted to remarkable attraction in human physiological and behavioral monitoring, which are characterized by flexibility, portability, durability, and comfortableness. [1][2][3][4][5] Attaching wearable devices to the cloth or skin can directly obtain signal feedback synchronized with human motion, achieving real-time monitoring of the motion behaviors. As a sustainable energy harvesting device, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can transfer various kinds of green energy (e.g., wind, wave, vibration, or human mechanical motion) into output electrical signals, which can be beneficial to get rid of the battery power supplies and realize self-powered tactile sensing, [6,7] motion recognition, [8,9] human-machine interfacing, [10,11] and disease diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Halloysite‐Modified Chitosan/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanofibers for Ultrasensitive Self‐Powered Motion Monitoring

Wang

Liu

Feng

et al. 2023

Advanced Sensor Research

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High flexibility, porosity, and antibacterial activity are extremely desired for wearable health monitoring, which is beneficial to simultaneously promote wearing comfort and safety. In this study, an antibacterial nanofibers‐based triboelectric generator (AN‐TENG) composed of the flexible chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone modified with halloysite nanotubes (CTS/PVP/HNTs) nanofibers and cube‐arrays structured Ecoflex film is proposed for simultaneously energy harvesting and self‐powered human motion monitoring. The open‐circuit voltage (280 V), short‐circuit current (3.98 μA), and transferred charge (51 nC) of the CTS/PVP/HNTs nanofibers TENG at the optimal compound concentration are increased by 90.8%, 86.92%, and 96.2%, respectively, compared to the CTS/PVP nanofibers one (size: 3 cm × 3 cm, mechanical force: 10 N @1 Hz), revealing good real‐time monitoring ability for human wrist, elbow, and finger motion. An antibacterial test is carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity and the antibacterial rate of the nanofibers against Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) based on the current national standard GB/T 31402–2015, indicating good antibacterial properties of the nanofibers. This research offers an ingenious strategy to establish an antibacterial nanofibers‐based TENG for self‐powered motion monitoring and energy harvesting and offers a new insight to improve the practical security of wearable electronic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexible pressure sensors can continuously convert mechanical signals into machine-recognizable electrical data, which makes them valuable for wearable artificial intelligence and human–machine interfaces. − Compared to capacitive, , piezoelectric, , and triboelectric , pressure sensors, flexible piezoresistive sensors , have received increasing attention due to their simple fabrication process, low cost, and easy signal detection . Furthermore, compared with conventional piezoresistive sensors (hybrid conductive elastomers), which respond to external stimuli through tunneling resistance variations, contact resistive-based sensors based on Holm’s theory have demonstrated better repeatability, a faster response time, and higher sensitivity in low-pressure regions. , Studies have observed a relationship between the contact resistance, the properties of the active layers (resistivity, roughness, and elastic properties), and the applied pressure [ R c ∝ ρ K / F , K = f ( R a , E )]. , Therefore, the intrinsic characteristics of the active layers, such as mechanical ductility, conductivity, and surface structure, are considered to be critical for the performance of contact-resistive pressure sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Piezoresistive Sensors Based on Electro-Polymerized Polypyrrole and a Regulated Conductive Pathway

Tian,

He,

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The performance of contact resistive pressure sensors heavily relies on the intrinsic characteristics of the active layers, including the mechanical surface structure, conductivity, and elastic properties. However, efficiently and simply regulating the conductivity, morphology, and modulus of the active layers has remained a challenge. In this study, we introduced electro-polymerized polypyrrole (ePPy) to design flexible contact piezoresistive sensors with tailored intrinsic properties. The customizable intrinsic property of ePPy was comprehensively illustrated on the chemical and electronic structure scale, and the impact of ePPy’s intrinsic properties on the sensing performance of the device was investigated by determining the correlation between resistivity, roughness, and device sensitivity. Due to the synergistic effects of roughness, conductivity, and elastic properties of the active layers, the flexible ePPy-based pressure sensor exhibited high sensitivity (3.19 kPa–1, 1–10 kPa, R 2 = 0.97), fast response time, good durability, and low power consumption. These advantages allowed the sensor to offer an immediate response to human motion such as finger-bending and grasping movements, demonstrating the promising potential of tailorable ePPy-based contact piezoresistive sensors for wearable electronic applications.

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Piezoresistive design for electronic skin: from fundamental to emerging applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 179 publications

Strain and Pressure Sensors Based on MWCNT/PDMS for Human Motion/Perception Detection

Strain and Pressure Sensors Based on MWCNT/PDMS for Human Motion/Perception Detection

Antibacterial Halloysite‐Modified Chitosan/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanofibers for Ultrasensitive Self‐Powered Motion Monitoring

Contact Piezoresistive Sensors Based on Electro-Polymerized Polypyrrole and a Regulated Conductive Pathway

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