Piezoresistivity and AC Impedance Spectroscopy of Cement-Based Sensors: Basic Concepts, Interpretation, and Perspective

Elseady, Amir A. E.; Lee, Ivan; Zhuge, Yan; Ma, Xiang; Chow, Christopher W.K.; Gorjian, Nima

doi:10.3390/ma16020768

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although capacitance-based self-detection is less studied in the literature compared to resistance-based selfsensing, it is more likely to be widely used because it does not require any additive. Resistance-based self-sensing mechanism is based on the principle that the conductivity of the structure changes as a result of the deformation of the sufficiently conductive material with stresses, which requires conductive fillers to make the base material sufficiently conductive (Li and Ou 2009, Makul 2020, Taheri et al 2022, Li et al 2022b, Dinesh et al 2023, Elseady et al 2023, Hao et al 2023, Kim and Kim 2023, Qi et al 2023, Chung 2023a. For this reason, capacitance-based measurements provide the possibility of application in both existing and new structures (Ozturk and Chung 2021, Chung 2023b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive self tension sensing properties of steel beam: electrode configuration and stress regime

Ozturk

2023

Phys. Scr.

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Self-sensing for steel is valuable for the control and safety of steel structures such as buildings and bridges. The changes in the capacitance of steel in response to cyclic tensile stresses applied in low, medium and high stress regimes are measured by using a Inductnce-Capacitance-Resistance (LCR) meter. Coplanar and parallel plate electrode configuration is used for capacitance measurements. Aluminum foil is used as electrode. A steel beam of 100 mm in length, 30 mm in width and 2.5 mm in thickness is tensioned by holding it at both ends to produce direct tensile stresses in the material. The maximum stresses applied for low, medium and high stress regimes are 6.7 MPa, 33.3 MPa and 66.7 MPa. The capacitance value of the sample with coplanar and parallel plate electrode configurations measured without applying load are 203.42 pF and 196.00 pf, respectively. The fractional changes in capacitance are 0.059%, 0.192% and 0.275% when 6.7 MPa, 33.3 MPa and 66.7 MPa direct tensile stress is created in the steel beam. These values are 0.12%, 0.20% and 0.29% for parallel plate electrode configuration. Test results demonstrates that there is a relation between stress and fractional change in capacitance. In other words, measuring fractional change in capacitance gives information about the stress variations in the material. From the experimental results, parallel plate electrode configuration is found to be more effective in tensile stress self-sensing. In addition, the relationship between stress and fractional change in capacitance is more linear for both electrode configurations in the low stress regime. This paper aims to reveal the tensile stresses occurring in steel by means of capacitance-based sensing. Sensing capability in larger scale structures and factors effecting sensing sensitivity are to be addressed in future work.

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