Pigment content and fatty acid composition of paprika oleoresins obtained by conventional and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

Red pepper (Capsicum annuum) carotenoids as a source of natural food colors: analysis and stability—a review

“…On line monitoring of SC-CO 2 extraction of paprika carotenoids using near infrared-visible detector showed that the ratio of β-carotene+ free xanthophylls to total carotenoids in the recovered oleoresin diminished from nearly 50 % at the beginning down to 10 % at the end of extraction (Ambrogi et al 2002). Tepic et al (2009) reported that the content of carotenoids in SC-CO 2 extracts was lower than that in traditional hexane extracts. Gnayfeed et al (2001) has shown that sub critical propanol was superior to SC-CO 2 in extracting carotenoids particularly diesters of xanthophylls and tocopherols but less efficient in the extraction of capsaicinoids.…”

“…SFE methods particularly using SC-CO 2 for the carotenoid extraction from fruits and vegetables including capsicum have been described by many authors (Illés et al 1999;Uquiche et al 2004;Arimboor et al 2006). In SC-CO 2 extraction, larger extraction volume, higher pressure, lower particle size and the use of ethanol or acetone as co-solvents have been reported to yield more pigments from red pepper (Jaren-Galan et al 1999;Ambrogi et al 2002;Uquiche et al 2004;Tepic et al 2009). It has also been shown that the proportion of red carotenoids such as capsorubin, capsanthin and zeaxanthin increased with the increase in extraction pressure (Jaren-Galan et al 1999).…”

Extraction of Oleoresin from Pungent Red Paprika Under Different Conditions

“…The research data evidence for hot pepper cultivars indicate that methanol and ethanol are solvents usually used in the extraction of capsaicinoids in various extraction techniques (Barbero et al, 2006;Kirschbamm-Titze et al, 2002;Williams et al 2007). Studies on the solvent influence on pigments extraction from Capsicum fruits ascertained n-hexane and acetone as suitable solvent medium for pigments (Boyadzhiev et al, 1999;Feltl et al, 2005;Tepić et al, 2009). Evidence provided by relevant literature positively confirm recent growing interest in the development of mathematical models that describe the extraction process as a function of various operational variables and, particularly, those that describe their combined effect (Acero-Ortega et al, 2005;Bo et al, 2008;Hismath et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2010).…”

Determination of the Solubility of Copper with Three Commercial Ligands and One Novel Ligand in Supercritical CO2

“…When combined with an appropriate complexing agent, supercritical (SC) CO 2 is a strong solvent with high diffusion and low viscosity. Furthermore, because it can be recycled easily, the absence of solvent waste is a major advantage [1][2][3][4][5]. Leaching procedures are known to remove heavy metals from soil, sludge, or compost at atmospheric pressure.…”