Pigment Glands of Cottonseed. II. Nature and Properties of Gland Walls

Boatner, Charlotte H.; Hall, Catherine M.; Rollins, Mary L.; Castillon, Leah E.

doi:10.1086/335436

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The glands, which are variously called gossypol, lysigenous, oil or pigment glands, or secretion cavities, (6) are found scattered throughout the cotton plant (30). These pigment glands, as they are commonly called (30) relatively large, ovoid-spherical bodies, 100 to 400 fl in diameter (6). They have been reported by Boatner et all (7) to consist of a rigid, thick wall of five to eight irregularly shaped curved plates, inclosing a gelatinous suspension of oil-soluble pigments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

Strang

Rogers

1971

Weed sci.

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The techniques of cryostat sectioning, freeze-drying, and microradioautography were adapted to study the absorption and translocation of radio-labeled 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (14C-diuron) in root-treated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., var. Coker 201) plants. Diuron appeared to move primarily in the apoplast and to be transported acropetally and laterally in the transpiration stream. Radioactivity was observed to accumulate in striking concentrations in the lysigenous, or pigment, glands and the trichomes of the cotton plant. This accumulation is postulated to be a major factor in lowering the effective concentration of the herbicide in the leaves of cotton as compared to leaves of more susceptible plants, and thus may be a significant factor in the tolerance of cotton to diuron.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

Strang

Rogers

1971

Weed sci.

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“…Stanford and Viehoever 1918;Reeves and Beasley 1935;Boatner et al 1947;Joshi et al 1967;Yatsu et al 1986). They were recognisable as a roughly spherical mass of cells of which the outermost were variously flattened to form a sheath or epithelium around a central lumen (Figs 3-10).…”

Section: Anatomical Observations Of 'Gossypol Glands' In Australian Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Brubaker¹,

Benson²,

Miller³

et al. 1996

Aust. J. Bot.

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The presence of lysigenous cavities filled with terpenoid aldehydes (generically termed 'gossypol') in most tissues of cultivated cottons and their relatives imparts natural resistance to a variety of insect, fungal, and bacterial pests. Deposition of terpenoid aldehydes in cultivated cotton seed, however, renders cottonseed oils and protein meals toxic to non-ruminant animals, including humans. Seeds of the socalled 'glandless-seeded' Australian Gossypium L. species (Gossypium subgenus Sturtia (R.Br.) Tod.) reportedly lack terpenoid aldehydes, and thus may represent an important genetic resource in the development of cottonseed oils and protein meals free of these toxins. Information supporting this assertion, however, is fragmentary and contradictory. To resolve this, seeds of all known Australian Gossypium species were surveyed chemically and anatomically. Immature lysigenous cavities were present in seeds of all 18 species. Lysigenous cavities of sect. Sturtia and sect. Hibiscoidea Tod. seeds were unpigrnented and invisible to the naked eye, while pigmented, macroscopically visible lysigenous cavities occurred in all the sect. Grandicalyx (Fryxell) Fryxell seeds. HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis revealed that sect. Sturtia and sect. Hibiscoidea seeds did not contain detectable levels of terpenoid aldehydes, but that sect. Grandicalyx seeds contained gossypol.

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“…Boatner, et al, (13) who studied isolated glands histochemically concluded, on the other hand, that gland wails were not cells but were relatively thick, curved "plates." They proposed that the plates contained no proteins, lignin, nor pentosans and were coated on the outer surfaces with cutin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2 is a higher manification of a portion of a multiple layered gland wall. The double arrows point to the innermost layer of compartments which d e a r l y is bounded by cell walls-these were undoubtedly the entities labelled "plates" by Boatner, et al (13). Subjacent to this layer was often visible another layer of material (single arrow) which resembled the penultimate layer but which lacked cell walls.…”

Section: Experi Mental Procedur Esmentioning

confidence: 91%

Extraction of lipids from cottonseed tissue: VI. Ultrastructural morphology of isolated pigment glands

Yatsu

Hensarling

Jacks

1974

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Cottonseed pigment glands, isolated from the underflow fraction of the liquid cyclone process, were examined with an electron microscope. The glands were circumscribed by a layer of tangentially flattened cells. Subjacent to the flattened cells were partially lysed cells containing recognizable remnants of cell walls. Within the lumens or matrices of the glands were myriads of pigment spherules measuring 0.1-1.5p in diameter. These spherules remained within the glands, even though gland walls were ruptured mechanically. Since aggregates of pigment spherules devoid of gland walls were observed in the gland-rich fraction~ it was concluded that maintenance of intact pigment glands was not a requisite for successful separation of gossypol from other cottonseed components with the liquid cyclone process. Avoiding dispersion of aggregated spherules from the glandular matrix was probably just as important as maintaining intact gland walls during mechanical separation of gossypol from other cottonseed components.

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Pigment Glands of Cottonseed. II. Nature and Properties of Gland Walls

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Extraction of lipids from cottonseed tissue: VI. Ultrastructural morphology of isolated pigment glands

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Pigment Glands of Cottonseed. II. Nature and Properties of Gland Walls

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

A Microradioautographic Study of 14C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

A Microradioautographic Study of 14C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

Occurrence of Terpenoid Aldehydes and Lysigenous Cavities in the 'glandless' Seeds of Australian Gossypium Species

Extraction of lipids from cottonseed tissue: VI. Ultrastructural morphology of isolated pigment glands

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A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton

A Microradioautographic Study of ¹⁴C-Diuron Absorption by Cotton