Pigmented pretibial patches. A cutaneous manifestation of diabetes mellitus

High prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in the elderly with diabetes mellitus: an institution‐based cross‐sectional study in Taiwan

“…Diabetic dermopathy is a cutaneous manifestation of diabetic microangiopathy . This is a subtle sign but has been proposed as an unfavourable association with three common diabetic microangiopathic complications, namely neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy .…”

Diabetic dermopathy: A subtle sign with grave implications

“…DD has been known by many names, each characterizing its clinical presentation. It has been referred to as ''atrophic lesions'' by Melin, 1 ''shin spots'' by Danowski et al, 3 ''pigmented pretibial patches'' by Bauer et al, 4 and ''spotted leg syndrome'' by Murphy. 5 ''Diabetic dermopathy'' is currently the most widely used term.…”

“…Occasionally they are elongated and may reach 2.5 cm. 4 The atrophic appearance refers to a shallow depression and thin epidermis that resembles a scar. They are smooth and hyperpigmented.…”

“…20 However, the J AM ACAD DERMATOL VOLUME 58, NUMBER 3 typical brown atrophic scars may sometimes require differentiation from Schamberg's disease (progressive pigmented purpuric dermatitis), purpura annularis telangiectodes, pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatitis, stasis dermatitis, angioma serpiginosum of Hutchinson, healed lesions of papulonecrotic tuberculids, and neurotic excoriations. 1,4 Many of these entities can be distinguished from the others by distribution, appearance, and natural history.…”

Carbohydrate tolerance in patients with granuloma annulare*.

“…Some of these reports show no evidence for any such inter-relationship (Wells & Smith, 1963;Dicken, Carrington& Winkelman, 1969;Mobacken, Gisslen& Johannisson, 1970;Williamson & Dykes, 1972). Others indicate that the disease, especially in its atypical generalized form, should be included among those skin disorders known to be associated with the diabetic state (Rhodes, 1966;Romaine, Rudner & Altman, 1968;Haim, Friedman-Birnbaum & Shafrir, 1970;Reinhard et al, 1971;Degos & Guilaine, 1964;Feldman, 1968), such as necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (Muller & Winkelmann, 1966;Hill et al, 1966), diabetic dermopathy (Bauer et al, 1966;Bauer & Levan 1970;Allen & Hadden, 1970;Cantwell & Martz, 1967;Binkley, 1965;Jelinek, 1970) and others.…”