Pilomatrixoma-A Case Report

Abstract

A 27 year old female attended our ENT out patient department with swelling in the left preauricular region. Excision biopsy was done and was reported as pilomatrixoma. Pilomatrixoma is a rare tumor in head and neck region. It is commonly misdiagnosed and often missed while making a differential diagnosis. It is a benign tumour but occasionally it may become malignant. For this reason surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

Pilomatrixoma of Face Presenting as Parotid Swelling

“…The lesions are oval with welldemarcated margins. Some encapsulated Sannigrahi et al (2016) lesions have also been observed. Moreover, the overlying skin is usually normal, but in some cases, a reddish-bluish hue can be seen due to angiogenesis Birman et al (2009).…”

“…Both of these signs are typical of pilomatrixoma, thus the most helpful clues for diagnosis Kashif and Shastry (2016). The differential diagnoses of pilomatrixoma include epidermoid cyst, sebaceous cysts, dermoid cysts, hematoma, trichoepithelioma, basal cell epithelioma, unidentified masses, and foreign bodies reactions Sannigrahi et al (2016), Birman et al (2009). Often the lesions of pilomatrixoma are misdiagnosed as one of the differentials.…”

“…Often the lesions of pilomatrixoma are misdiagnosed as one of the differentials. Also, it is imperative to rule out other diseases in patients presenting with pilomatrixoma as it is associated with granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis, genetic disorders, including Turner syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Xeroderma pigmentosa, basal cell nevus syndrome, and Steinert myotonic dystrophy Sannigrahi et al (2016) , Birman et al (2009).…”

“…Pilomatrixoma, also called calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, was first described by Malherbe and Chenantais in 1880. It arises from the sebaceous glands as a benign calcified neoplasm of hair follicles' matrix cells Sannigrahi et al (2016). In 1922, Dubreuilh and Cazenave described the distinctive histopathology of basaloid cells and shadow or ghost cells Kashif and Shastry (2016).…”

“…Pilomatrixoma often presents in the first two decades of life and has a slight female predominance with a female to male ratio of 3:2. In general, the tumor typically has a good prognosis Sannigrahi et al (2016).…”