Pilot plant evaluation of PFS from coal-fired power plant waste

Preparation of poly ferric sulfate and the application in micro-polluted raw water treatment

“…and then hydrolytically polymerized into PFS. [7][8][9][10] Another practical method is catalyst oxidation, where oxygen or air is used to oxidize Fe 2þ to Fe 3þ , with catalysts such as NO x from NaNO 2 , HNO 3 , by which PFS is obtained by hydrolysis and polymerization. [11,12] In addition, biological oxidation is also available by iron-sulfur bacteria.…”

Preparation and Character of Inorganic Polymeric Coagulates from Fly Ash by Activation Method

“…It has been proved that one of the important steps in the water and wastewater treatment process is coagulation, which is used for the destabilization of colloidal suspensions as well as the removal of suspended solids and organic matters [1] .The inorganic coagulants play a key role in the progress of coagulation. The coagulation efficiency of IPC can be improved by adding extra components to produce new composite coagulant, for example, and the adding of poly-silicic acid can increase the proportion of polymeric species [2] . Combustion coal in China alone produced approximately 200 mil-lion tons of fly ash in 2009,of which only a part was used, the rest was disposed of in landfills [3] .…”

Study on the Characterization and Application of Poly-Silicate Magnesium Ferric Sulfate Borate (PFMSSB)

“…These traditional flocculants have a common defect that it is difficult to control the formation of metal hydrolysis species. In order to avoid it, a lot of inorganic polymeric flocculants(IPF) such as poly-aluminum chloride(PAC), poly-ferric chloride(PFC) and poly-ferric sulfate(PFS) have been developed [5][6][7][8][9]. However these polymeric flocculants can not meet the need, more studies focused on improving the performance of IPF.…”