Pilot-scale struvite recovery from anaerobic digester supernatant at an enhanced biological phosphorus removal wastewater treatment plant

Britton, Ahren; Koch, Frank‐Thomas; Mavinic, Donald S.; Adnan, Ali; Oldham, W. K.; Udala, B

doi:10.1139/s04-059

Cited by 99 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…concentration is 2 -3% (Liao et al, 2005) which allows for more efficient struvite recovery (Britton et al, 2005;Pastor et al, 2008;Shen, 2010). The enhanced PO 4 3-concentrations in sewage sludge and the ease with which it is released from the microbial biomass increases the risk of struvite scale formation in the pipelines.…”

Section: Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (Ebpr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus recovery as struvite from farm, municipal and industrial waste: Feedstock suitability, methods and pre-treatments

et al. 2016

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Global population growth requires intensification of agriculture, for which a sustainable supply of phosphorus (P) is essential. Since natural P reserves are diminishing, recovering P from wastes and residues is an increasingly attractive prospect, particularly as technical and economic potential in the area is growing. In addition to providing phosphorus for agricultural use, stripping P from waste residues and effluents lessens their nutrient loading prior to disposal. This paper critically reviews published methods for P recovery from waste streams (municipal, farm and industrial) with emphasis on struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 6H 2 O) crystallization, including pretreatments to maximize recovery. Based on compositional parameters of a range of wastes, a Feedstock Suitability Index (FSI) was developed as a guide to inform *Manuscript Click here to view linked References researchers and operators of the relative potential for struivite production from each waste.

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Section: Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (Ebpr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that 58-94% P recovery is possible through formation of struvite from EBPR in wastewater treatment plants Britton et al, 2005;Marti et al, 2008). However, the recovery efficiency varies depending upon sludge characteristics (Pastor et al, 2008).…”

Section: Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (Ebpr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus recovery as struvite from farm, municipal and industrial waste: Feedstock suitability, methods and pre-treatments

et al. 2016

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“…Of the 3.4 × 10 10 gallons of drinking water produced annually by public water systems in the US, approximately 63% is used for residential purposes (indoor and outdoor) [43]. Of that, 42% of annual residential use was for indoor purposes and 58% for outdoor purposes (without taking into account firefighting allocation) based on the evaluation of 1188 homes from 14 cities across six regions of the US.…”

Section: Water Demand and Water Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wastewater is treated as waste to be eliminated with the investment of large amount of energy and materials, regardless of the potential value of wastewater constituents. For instance, even though phosphorus fertilizer production from easily accessible phosphate rock could be depleted in 50-100 years and cause global food security issues [7,8], expensive treatment technologies are used to remove phosphorus as waste from wastewater to reduce eutrophication in receiving water [9][10][11][12][13]. Emerging chemical and biological contaminants from wastewater and eroded sediments penetrate into the source water, making the treatment of drinking water more technically and financially challenging [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Xue

González-Mejía

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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Urban water systems are an example of complex, dynamic human-environment coupled systems which exhibit emergent behaviors that transcend individual scientific disciplines. While previous siloed approaches to water services (i.e., water resources, drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater) have led to great improvements in public health protection, sustainable solutions for a growing global population facing increased resource constraints demand a paradigm shift based on holistic management to maximize the use and recovery of water, energy, nutrients, and materials. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the issues in traditional water systems including water demand and use, centralized configuration, sewer collection systems, characteristics of mixed wastewater, and to explore alternative solutions such as decentralized water systems, fit for purpose and water reuse, OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 12072 natural/green infrastructure, vacuum sewer collection systems, and nutrient/energy recovery. This review also emphasizes a system thinking approach for evaluating alternatives that should include sustainability indicators and metrics such as emergy to assess global system efficiency. An example paradigm shift design for urban water system is presented, not as the recommended solution for all environments, but to emphasize the framework of system-level analysis and the need to visualize water services as an organic whole. When water systems are designed to maximize the resources and optimum efficiency, they are more prevailing and sustainable than siloed management because a system is more than the sum of its parts.

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“…Phosphorus based-fertilizer recovery, in the form of 99.9% pure struvite also known as magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH 4 PO 4 •6H 2 O), has been demonstrated successfully in full-scale sidestream treatment using dewatering liquor from anaerobically digested solids (centrate) processed through upflow fluidized bed reactor technologies (Britton et al 2005). Prior research determined the influence of pH, magnesium to phosphorus (Mg:P) molar ratio, and age of urine on purity, pharmaceutical content and pathogen inclusion in struvite precipitated from source-separated urine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Struvite Recovery From Source-Separated Urine Utilizing Fluidized Bed Technology

Gagnon¹

2016

proc water environ fed

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Source-separating urine for nutrient recovery may provide multiple benefits with regards to wastewater management, water conservation, and an impending phosphorus fertilizer shortage. Municipal wastewater systems are designed to treat the combination of urine, feces and graywater produced in household applications. Urine accounts for 1% of wastewater by volume, but provides 70-90% of nitrogen, 35-70% of phosphorus and 50% of the contaminants of emerging concern entering municipal wastewater treatment (Larsen and Gujer 1996). Research has shown managing source-separated urine for nutrient recovery is a more cost effective and less treatment intensive method than using traditional systems found in municipal wastewater plants.Phosphorus fertilizer shortages are projected as current sources diminish and become increasingly difficult to extract and refine. Phosphorus based-fertilizer recovery, in the form of 99.9% pure struvite also known as magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH 4 PO 4 •6H 2 O), has been demonstrated successfully in full-scale sidestream treatment using dewatering liquor from anaerobically digested solids (centrate) processed through upflow fluidized bed reactor technologies (Britton et al. 2005). Prior research determined the influence of pH, magnesium to phosphorus (Mg:P) molar ratio, and age of urine on purity, pharmaceutical content and pathogen inclusion in struvite precipitated from source-separated urine. This is the first known example of an attempt to produce a commercially viable struvite product from source-separated urine in a fluidized bed reactor of a design that has been used successfully for struvite recovery in conventional wastewater applications.In order to assess the feasibility of nutrient recovery of phosphorus-based fertilizer recovery from source-separated urine, the first office-based urine separation and collection building was implemented in the U.S. Urine was collected, in a 400 gallon capacity underground sealed manhole, from HRSD's Main office building beginning in March 2015 from five men's waterless urinals and one women's separating toilet. Urine was collected from the manhole on a monthly basis in 275 and 330 gallon plastic totes stored at the HRSD Nansemond WWTP in Suffolk, VA. Collected urine was allowed to age while in storage to encourage the precipitation of excess multivalent cations that may interfere with struvite precipitation and inactivation of pathogens that may be present.An upflow fluidized bed reactor (UFBR) was used to precipitate and recover struvite as slowrelease phosphorus based fertilizer (prill); the reactor was loaned to Hampton Roads Sanitation iii District by the University of British Columbia. A magnesium solution was injected at the bottom of the reactor to facilitate precipitation along with the recycle urine stream and feed urine. Prill production design for the reactor was 0.5 kilograms per day, but while using centrate to determine best operations practices, under loading the reactor to 0.25 kilograms per day maximized struvite rec...

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Pilot-scale struvite recovery from anaerobic digester supernatant at an enhanced biological phosphorus removal wastewater treatment plant

Cited by 99 publications

References 17 publications

Phosphorus recovery as struvite from farm, municipal and industrial waste: Feedstock suitability, methods and pre-treatments

Phosphorus recovery as struvite from farm, municipal and industrial waste: Feedstock suitability, methods and pre-treatments

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Struvite Recovery From Source-Separated Urine Utilizing Fluidized Bed Technology

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