Pilot study on synanthropic flies (e.g. Musca, Sarcophaga, Calliphora, Fannia, Lucilia, Stomoxys) as vectors of pathogenic microorganisms

Förster, Maike; Klimpel, Sven; Mehlhorn, Heinz; Sievert, Kai; Messler, Sabine; Pfeffer, Klaus

doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0522-y

Cited by 194 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Multiple species of bacteria were isolated from a majority of the flies (98.64%) of the flies collected in the study indicating that this fly species is a potential mechanical vector of multiple pathogens. This has been previously suggested in reports by Greenberg [7] and Förster et al [20]. Most of the bacteria recovered from this fly species are important human pathogens, known to produce diseases such as food poisoning, diarrhea and skin infection in humans and animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

BACTERIAL FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE BLOW FLY, Chrysomya megacephala (F.) IN UBON RATCHATHANI PROVINCE OF NORTHEAST THAILAND

Chaiwong¹,

Srivoramas²,

Sukontason³

et al. 2012

Int J Parasitol Res

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Abstract-The objective of the current study was to isolate and identify the bacterial fauna associated with populations of the Oriental latrine fly, Chrysomya megacephala, collected in the Muang district of Ubon Ratchathani province, an area of high diarrhoeal disease incidence. A total of 294 flies were collected from September 2010-August 2011 using a sterilized insect sweep net at each collection site including freshfood markets, garbage piles, restaurants, school cafeterias and paddy fields of Muang Ubon Ratchathani in the Ubon Ratchathani province. Each specimen was transferred into individual sterile glass vials for bacterial isolation using standard bacterial isolation techniques from the external surfaces of the flies of the 294 flies collected, 98.64% were found to be carrying multiple species of bacteria. A total of 15 bacterial genera were isolated, including both potentially pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria.The most common bacterium isolated from C. megacephala was coagulase-negative staphylococci (80.27%) followed by Streptococcus group D non-enterococci (69.05%). Among these were human pathogenic enteric bacteria including Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC) and Salmonella typhi with the prevalence rates in flies being 3.06% and 20.88% respectively. Furthermore, other human pathogens were found such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The present study demonstrates the potential of C. megacephala to vector pathogenic enteric bacteria to humans .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

BACTERIAL FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE BLOW FLY, Chrysomya megacephala (F.) IN UBON RATCHATHANI PROVINCE OF NORTHEAST THAILAND

Chaiwong¹,

Srivoramas²,

Sukontason³

et al. 2012

Int J Parasitol Res

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“…They move between feces and carcasses and food meant for human consumption. Bacteria acquired from filth can be transmitted to food, either via the fly exterior, e.g., body surface and mouth parts, or with feces and vomit that is produced during feeding (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). In an experimental setting, flies were shown to transmit Campylobacter between chickens (24), and several studies have demonstrated similar pathogenic E. coli and Klebsiella strains on flies and in humans in hospital settings, as well as in small rural communities, suggesting their potential as transmission vehicles (25)(26)(27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli on Flies at Poultry Farms

Blaak

Hamidjaja

Hoek

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

108

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In the Netherlands, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli bacteria are highly prevalent in poultry, and chicken meat has been implicated as a source of ESBL-producing E. coli present in the human population. The current study describes the isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli from house flies and blow flies caught at two poultry farms, offering a potential alternative route of transmission of ESBL-producing E. coli from poultry to humans. Overall, 87 flies were analyzed in 19 pools. ESBL-producing E. coli bacteria were detected in two fly pools (10.5%): a pool of three blow flies from a broiler farm and a pool of eight house flies from a laying-hen farm. From each positive fly pool, six isolates were characterized and compared with isolates obtained from manure (n ‫؍‬ 53) sampled at both farms and rinse water (n ‫؍‬ 10) from the broiler farm. Among six fly isolates from the broiler farm, four different types were detected with respect to phylogenetic group, sequence type (ST), and ESBL genotype: A 0 /ST3519/SHV-12, A 1 /ST10/SHV-12, A 1 /ST58/SHV-12, and B1/ST448/CTX-M-1. These types, as well as six additional types, were also present in manure and/or rinse water at the same farm. At the laying-hen farm, all fly and manure isolates were identical, carrying bla TEM-52 in an A 1 /ST48 genetic background. The data imply that flies acquire ESBL-producing E. coli at poultry farms, warranting further evaluation of the contribution of flies to dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli in the community. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are increasing in prevalence worldwide (1, 2). ESBLs confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including 3rd-and 4th-generation cephalosporins, which severely limits treatment possibilities for infections caused by these bacteria. Often, options for treatment are further restricted by the multiresistant nature of ESBL-producing bacteria, which has led to increased use of, and increasing prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to, last-resort antibiotics, such as carbapenems (3). Although initially ESBL production was mainly observed in hospital infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, today it is also frequently associated with community-acquired infections, mostly urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli (4, 5), as well as commensal E. coli strains isolated from humans and food-producing animals (6-8).Not only can dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli in the community be facilitated by direct contact with human or animal carriers, but also, the presence of the bacterium in environmental compartments, such as surface water (9-12) and wildlife (13), suggests that the environment should also be considered in this regard. In the Netherlands, ESBL-producing E. coli is highly prevalent in poultry: in 2009, ESBL-producing (and/or AmpC-producing) E. coli bacteria were detected on 100% (n ϭ 26) of Dutch broiler farms studied (14). Because of the high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli on Dutch retail chick...

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“…Most species of Calliphora are well known because of their medical and forensic importance (James 1947;Nuorteva 1963;Zumpt 1965;Greenberg 1971;Smith 1986;Greenberg & Kunich 2002;Graczyk et al 2005;Sawabe et al 2006;Förster et al 2007;Byrd & Castner 2010;Salvetti et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision of the Nearctic Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Tantawi

Whitworth

Sinclair

2017

Zootaxa

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The Nearctic species of Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy are revised and all species are redescribed and/or diagnosed. Diagnostic characters to permit reliable identification of both sexes of Calliphora aldrichia (Shannon) and C. montana (Shannon) and detailed distributional records for both species are provided for the first time. A lectotype is designated for Calliphora loewi Enderlein, 1903. A revised key to the 13 species of Nearctic Calliphora is also included. The key is based on examination of over 1,000 specimens from across North America and the structure of the terminalia of both sexes of each species. Complete illustrations of the terminalia of both sexes are provided for all species, including those of eight poorly known species: Calliphora alaskensis (Shannon), C. aldrichia (Shannon), C. coloradensis Hough, C. grahami Aldrich, C. latifrons Hough, C. livida Hall, C. montana (Shannon) and C. terraenovae Macquart. The female terminalia of C. alaskensis, C. aldrichia, C. coloradensis, C. livida and C. montana are illustrated for the first time. Barcode data for all 13 species of Nearctic Calliphora are provided, several for the first time. Results support current species concepts but barcodes failed to distinguish C. aldrichia and C. montana.

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Pilot study on synanthropic flies (e.g. Musca, Sarcophaga, Calliphora, Fannia, Lucilia, Stomoxys) as vectors of pathogenic microorganisms

Cited by 194 publications

References 14 publications

BACTERIAL FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE BLOW FLY, Chrysomya megacephala (F.) IN UBON RATCHATHANI PROVINCE OF NORTHEAST THAILAND

BACTERIAL FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE BLOW FLY, Chrysomya megacephala (F.) IN UBON RATCHATHANI PROVINCE OF NORTHEAST THAILAND

Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli on Flies at Poultry Farms

Revision of the Nearctic Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

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