Pine root structure and its potential significance for root function

Peterson, Carol A.; Enstone, Daryl E.; Taylor, J. Ashley

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3469-1_34

Cited by 32 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Stadelmann et al (1998) reported that low N concentration and the high C/N ratio could be attributed to the high mortality and poor development of root system in Festuca rubra seedlings obtained from in-vitro culture. Presence of vital cortical tissue is necessary for successful mycorrhizal colonization (Peterson et al 1999;Brundrett 2002), as colonization of root tissues by arbuscular mycorrhiza is related to the amount of primary cortex, and differences in root anatomy may impact absorptive ability (Guo et al 2008). However, our study did not show such an obvious dependence, as no differences in the number of arbusculae were observed in relation to seed storage temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Mucha

Szymańska

Zadworny

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key message Seed storage temperature influences root anatomy of the endangered Populus nigra, and consequently may alter nutrient absorption. A lower temperature during seed storage (−20 and −196 °C) may preserve the potential for a suitable root system development after germination. Context Seed storage conditions can be an important determinant of later seedling growth of Populus nigra L., an endangered tree species. Aims We tested whether long-term seed storage temperature, −10, −20 or −196 °C, affects the pattern of seedling root traits responsible for resource acquisition as compared to seedlings of fresh seeds. Methods We analysed the morphology, anatomy, degree of mycorrhizal colonization, and biochemical composition of roots developed from seed stored for 24 months at five different temperatures (from 3 to −196 °C) commonly used to preserve genetic resources. Results Except for root anatomy, we found no relationship between seed storage temperature and the root traits of seedlings. Among the various storage conditions, the proportion of roots with primary development in the first four orders was similar in seedlings developed from fresh seeds of from seeds stored at −196 or −20 °C. Nitrogen content in the roots was positively correlated with the proportion of (i) roots with primary development and (ii) the cortex width in the root diameter. Conclusions Higher temperatures during seed storage reduced the proportion of roots with absorptive function (with primary development). Therefore, for preservation of P. nigra seeds we recommend lower temperatures such as −20 and −196 °C.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Mucha

Szymańska

Zadworny

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Counts of total root tips and white root tips were also made. White roots refer to one of the three distinct anatomical zones of pine roots described by Peterson et al (1999). The white root tip with its live cortex is located nearest the growing tip followed by the condensed tannin having a dead cortex with tannin deposition in cells and the cork zone that is characterised by development of secondary xylem and bark separated by a cambial zone.…”

Section: Seedling Root Development Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-use of seedling containers andFusarium circinatumassociation with asymptomaticPinus patulaplanting stock

Morris¹,

Fourie²,

Greyling³

et al. 2014

Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium circinatum is a pathogen causing serious post-planting mortality of Pinus patula seedlings in southern Africa. Containerized planting stock that is asymptomatic but associated with F. circinatum in the nursery is thought to be the cause of this problem. The aim of this study was to determine if re-use of seedling containers could be a source of inoculum resulting in asymptomatic planting stock and increased post-planting mortality of Pinus patula. Two experiments were conducted in successive years comparing nursery cull of symptomatic seedlings, seedling growth, association of F. circinatum with asymptomatic seedlings and post-planting mortality for crops raised in re-used containers, with and without sanitation, and factory new containers. Each experiment consisted of a nursery production trial followed by out-planting into pots to assess post-planting mortality. Our results show that re-use of containers without sanitation increases the cull of symptomatic seedlings, incidence of F. circinatum associated with asymptomatic seedlings and post-planting mortality compared to the re-use of containers after steam sanitation or factory new containers. Growth of asymptomatic seedlings was unaffected by container treatment or association with F. circinatum and in the absence of wilt symptoms the root system did not exhibit typical discolouration. Watering frequency did not influence post-planting mortality in pots. The comparison of two open-pollinated seed mixes of P. patula that, based on seedling stem inoculation screening, represented susceptible and tolerant material did not show differences in nursery cull or post-planting mortality. This work demonstrated that natural contamination of re-used containers can be a primary source of inoculum producing asymptomatic seedlings associated with F. circinatum that will succumb to the pathogen after field planting. The process of seedling infection, apparent latent infection in the seedling and expression of disease after planting needs greater understanding to improve nursery hygiene measures to control this disease.

show abstract

“…There are several possible explanations for this result. White root tips are anatomically suited for efficient ion uptake [48] and tend to increase in nutrientrich solutions [17]. The lack of increased numbers of root tips, root length, or root biomass in any root zone for fertilized seedlings suggests that nutrient toxicities throughout the rhizosphere associated with rapid nutrient release from this high fertilizer application may have inhibited root proliferation in all zones.…”

Section: Influence Of Fertilization On Root Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, nonfertilized seedlings had greater numbers of white root tips (Tab. III), which are important sites for water uptake as there is anatomically less resistance to water passage [48].…”

Section: Influence Of Root Development On Drought Avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization at planting impairs root system development and drought avoidance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings (1 + 1 bareroot) were divided into 8-13 cm 3 and 23-35 cm 3 initial root-volume categories and either not fertilized or fertilized with 60 g Apex ® in the planting hole at a drought-prone clearcut site in the Oregon Coast Range, USA. Regardless of initial root volume, fertilized seedlings consistently reached lower predawn xylem water potential (Ψ xylem ) values than non-fertilized seedlings during summer. Roots did not proliferate relative to fertilizer placement and mean values for lateral-root length, root tips, and root biomass were less for fertilized seedlings in each of four vertical root zones. Poor root system development of fertilized seedlings may have been associated with the rapid release of high fertilizer salt concentrations into the rhizosphere. Root-volume growth was positively correlated with Ψ xylem , emphasizing the importance of new root growth following planting for drought avoidance. Criteria for successful field fertilization must consider the anticipated drought level of the site.seedling / controlled-release fertilizer / root architecture / drought avoidance / Pseudotsuga menziesii Résumé -La fertilisation à la plantation perturbe le développement du système radiculaire et réduit la résistance à la sécheresse des plants de Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii). On a utilisé deux catégories de plants à racines nues (1 + 1) de Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) dont le volume initial des racines était respectivement de 8 à 13 cm 3 et de 23 à 35 cm 3 . Ces plants furent installés dans une station de clairière plutôt sèche, située dans la Chaîne côtière de l'Oregon aux USA, et soumis à deux traitements : pas de fertilisation ou fertilisation avec 60 g d'Apex ® introduits dans le trou de plantation. Quelque soit le volume racinaire initial, les plants fertilisés révèlent, au cours de l'été, des valeurs de potentiel hydrique du xylème en fin de nuit (Ψ xylem ) toujours inférieures à celles obtenues sur plants non fertilisés. Les racines ne se sont pas développées dans les zones en contact avec l'engrais, et les valeurs moyennes de longueur de racines latérales, de nombre de pointes racinaires, et de biomasse racinaire sont inférieures pour les plants fertilisés, dans les quatre plans verticaux. Ce mauvais développement du système racinaire des plants fertilisés peut être associé à la libération rapide d'engrais à forte concentration minérale dans la rhizosphère. La croissance racinaire en volume était corrélée positivement avec le Ψ xylem ce qui permet de souligner l'importance de la croissance des racines après plantation pour limiter les effets de la sécheresse. Les critères à adopter pour réussir une opération de fertilisation de terrain doivent donc prendre en considération l'éventuel degré de sécheresse de la station. plant / engrais à libération contrôlée / architecture racinaire / limitation des effets de sécheresse / Pseudotsuga menziesii

show abstract

Pine root structure and its potential significance for root function

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Re-use of seedling containers andFusarium circinatumassociation with asymptomaticPinus patulaplanting stock

Fertilization at planting impairs root system development and drought avoidance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About