Pines and oaks in the restoration of Mediterranean landscapes of Spain: New perspectives for an old practice — a review

Pausas, Juli G.; Bladé, Carme; Valdecantos, Alejandro; Seva, J.P.; Fuentes, David; Alloza, J.A.; Vilagrosa, Alberto; Bautista, Susana; Cortina, Jordi; Vallejo, V. Ramón

doi:10.1023/b:vege.0000029381.63336.20

Cited by 358 publications

(289 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The higher average growth values exhibited by pines as compared with oaks agree with forestry knowledge in the Iberian Peninsula (Ruiz de la Torre, 2001) and with other studies (Castro-Díez et al, 1998;Pausas et al, 2004;Zavala et al, 2000). Intra-genus differences in average growth also agreed with previous knowledge.…”

Section: Interspecific Differences Along Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Rank reversals in tree growth along tree size, competition and climatic gradients for four forest canopy dominant species in Central Spain

et al. 2008

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-• Interspecific differences in tree growth patterns with respect to biotic and abiotic factors are key for understanding forest structure and dynamics, and predicting potential changes under climate change.• Repeated observations from the Spanish Forest Inventory (SFI) were used to parameterize maximum likelihood estimators of tree growth as a function of tree size, competition indices and climate for Pinus pinaster, P. sylvestris, Quercus ilex and Q. pyrenaica.• Significant responses to both biotic and abiotic factors were found, with interspecific differences in species performance along competition, temperature and precipitation gradients. Q. ilex was the species most tolerant to competition while P. pinaster was the species most sensitive to climatic variation. Species relative positions shifted along gradients of these factors with rank reversals in species performance along size, competition and climatic gradients.• The results based on average growth matched previous forestry classifications and experimental studies on relative growth rate (RGR).• When examining growth along studied abiotic and biotic gradients, a mismatch was found between species performance ranks as predicted by our models and information derived from previous knowledge. Those discrepancies highlight the relevance of ontogeny and environmental heterogeneity in defining species performance along competition gradients. niche differentiation / Pinus pinaster / Pinus sylvestris / Quercus ilex / Quercus pyrenaica Résumé -Interversion de rangs dans la croissance des arbres en relation avec la taille de l'arbre, la compétition et les gradients climatiques pour quatre espèces forestières dominantes dans la canopée.• Les différences interspécifiques dans les modèles de croissance des arbres, pour ce qui concerne les facteurs biotiques et abiotiques, sont des clés pour la compréhension des structures et des dynamiques forestières, et pour prédire les changement potentiels avec le changement climatique.• Des observations répétées de l'Inventaire Forestier Espagnol (SFI) ont été utilisées pour paramétrer les estimateurs de probabilité maximum de croissance des arbres comme une fonction de la taille de l'arbre, des indices de compétition et du climat pour Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus ilex et Quercus pyrenaica.• Des réponses significatives aux facteurs biotiques et abiotiques ont été trouvées, avec des différences interspécifiques pour les performances des espèces en relation avec la compétition, les gradients de température et de précipitations. Quercus ilex a été l'espèce la plus tolérante à la compétition tandis que Pinus pinaster a été l'espèce la plus sensible aux variations climatiques. Les positions relatives des espèces ont changé en relation avec les gradients de ces facteurs avec des interversions de rang pour les performances des espèces en relation avec la taille, la compétition et les gradients climatiques.• Les résultats basés sur la moyenne de croissance sont en adéquation avec la classification forestière antér...

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Section: Interspecific Differences Along Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Rank reversals in tree growth along tree size, competition and climatic gradients for four forest canopy dominant species in Central Spain

et al. 2008

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“…Reforestations and afforestations, which have been promoted in the Mediterranean region in the last decades, both under the scope of forest policies (e.g. Pausas et al, 2004a), or, more recently, as a policy-driven management alternative in abandoned agricultural land (e.g. MacDonald et al, 2000;Pausas et al, 2004a), have achieved certain environmental goals (i.e.…”

Section: Landscape Changes Have Been Increasing Fire Hazard In the Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape – wildfire interactions in southern Europe: Implications for landscape management

Moreira¹,

Viedma²,

Arianoutsou³

et al. 2011

Journal of Environmental Management

743

567

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Every year approx. half a million hectares of land are burned by wildfires in southern Europe, causing large ecological and socio-economic impacts. Climate and land use changes in the last decades have increased fire risk and danger. In this paper we review the available scientific knowledge on the relationships between landscape and wildfires in the Mediterranean region, with a focus on its application for defining landscape management guidelines and policies that could be adopted in order to promote landscapes with lower fire hazard. The main findings are that (1) socio-economic drivers have favoured land cover changes contributing to increasing fire hazard in the last decades, (2) large wildfires are becoming more frequent, (3) increased fire frequency is promoting homogeneous landscapes covered by fire-prone shrublands; (4) landscape planning to reduce fuel loads may be successful only if fire weather conditions are not extreme. The challenges to address these problems and the policy and landscape management responses that should be adopted are discussed, along with the major knowledge gaps.

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“…have been planted over vast areas to re-establish trees on deforested land and promote future recovery of native secondary vegetation, such as oak (Quercus spp.) forests (Pausas et al, 2004;Maestre and Cortina, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of forest type and habitat structure on bird assemblages of oak (Quercus spp.) and pine (Pinus spp.) stands in southwestern Turkey

Bergner

Avcı

Eryiğit

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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The Mediterranean basin exhibits a multitude of forest habitats affected by former and current exploitation and management. Recent afforestation programs have resulted in an increase in the proportion of coniferous trees, while oak stands, formerly utilized for coppicing and grazing, are abandoned or converted into coniferous plantations. The loss of oak stands might negatively affect birds dependent upon broadleaved forests. Studies confirming or rejecting that statement are scarce, particularly in the eastern part of the region. Using a study area in southwestern Turkey we applied a guild-based approach to investigate how pine and oak stands across a chronosequence differ in their capacity to support forest bird assemblages. Variables describing the vegetation were sampled to characterize the stands and relate bird assemblages to stand structure. Bird abundance and species richness was positively associated with age for both stand types. Richness and diversity was highest in oak stands, while there were no differences in bird abundance between the two forest types. Pine stands supported a different bird species composition compared to oak stands of the same age. Stand age and structure, rather than forest type, held the highest explanatory powers for bird assembly structure. Primary cavity-nesters and ground-nesters were more abundant in oak stands, possibly reflecting differences in stand structure and resource distribution. To support these birds with suitable habitats, oaks stands need conservation. Management practices in pine stands should strive for increasing the amount of old trees and retain vegetation in the understory to benefit breeding birds.

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Pines and oaks in the restoration of Mediterranean landscapes of Spain: New perspectives for an old practice — a review

Cited by 358 publications

References 52 publications

Rank reversals in tree growth along tree size, competition and climatic gradients for four forest canopy dominant species in Central Spain

Rank reversals in tree growth along tree size, competition and climatic gradients for four forest canopy dominant species in Central Spain

Landscape – wildfire interactions in southern Europe: Implications for landscape management

Influences of forest type and habitat structure on bird assemblages of oak (Quercus spp.) and pine (Pinus spp.) stands in southwestern Turkey

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